Converting Units Step 1: Identify Units to Convert Kilo 1000 units Hecto 100 units Deka 10 units Meter Liter Gram 1 unit Deci 0.1 units Centi 0.01 units Milli .001 units Step 1: Identify Units to Convert (Are you going from bigger → smaller or smaller → bigger) Step 2: Count the hops from the decimal

Converting Units Cont’d 175 cm → Convert to km Bigger → Smaller Smaller → Bigger Kilo-Hecto-Deka-“Basic”-Deci-Centi-Milli King Henry Died By Drinking Choco. Milk 5 Hops! 0.00 175. km

Converting Units Cont’d 232 hL → Convert to cL Bigger → Smaller Smaller → Bigger Kilo-Hecto-Deka-“Basic”-Deci-Centi-Milli 4 Hops! 232. 0000. cL

Measurements Graduated Cylinder Used to Measure “Volume” Basic Unit: Liters Measure at Lowest Point of Meniscus Beakers are Not used to Measure Volume

Measurements Balance Used to Measure “Mass” Basic Unit: grams We measure Mass not Weight Mass is a measure of the amount of material (matter) Weight depends on gravity Changes for: Earth Moon Venus

Measurements Ruler Used to Measure “Length” Basic Unit: meters 65 mm 6.5 cm 3 mm .3 cm #’s represent centimeters There are 10 mm in 1 cm

Scientific Method Quantitative Observation Qualitative Observation Think #’s, made with instruments: ruler, scale, graduated cylinder, thermostat, *measureable Qualitative Observation Think qualities of something, use your senses: sight, smell, taste, touch, hear Independent Variable What we manipulate or change in an experiment Dependent Variable What we measure, the affect of the ↑independent variable Control Variable Variables we controlled between experiments/trials We need something to compare our results to

Plants + Fertilizer We have 12 daisies in 6” pots. We want to see if fertilizer affects the growth of the daisies. We place all 12 daisies on the window sill and give them 100 mL of water at 12:00 pm each day. We divide the daisies by placing 6 into Group A and 6 into Group B. We add 2 ounces of fertilizer to the 100 mL of water Group B gets. The growth of each daisy is measured every Friday at 2:00 pm. Independent Variable Dependent Variable Control Variables Fertilizer added to Group B 100 mL Water Amount of Sunlight Time of Watering Time of Measurement 6” pots Growth of each daisy Experimental Group Control Group Group B Has independent variable applied Group A Standard for comparison

Different Color Lights + Moths We have 4 lights: Green, Blue, Pink, Red. We want to see if light color affects the number of moths attracted. We place each light in the corner of its own 10’x10’ room with 50 moths present, one room has a standard yellow light present. We turn the lights on for 15 minutes every 12 hours and measure the number of moths within 1’ of the light after the 15 minutes is up. Independent Variable Dependent Variable Control Variable Color of Light Number of moths within 1’ of light Size of Room # of Moths How long Light is on How often Light is on Light Placement Experimental Group Control Group Rooms with: Green, Blue, Pink, and Red color lights Room with standard Yellow light