PROTISTS

PROTISTS unicellular (single celled) eukaryotic organisms

PROTISTS Evolved about 2 billion years after monera Characteristics in common with plantae, animalia, and fungi Protista was created to have a place for all the “unclassified”

Where did protists come from? ENDOSYMBIOSIS HYPOTHESIS

ENDOSYMBIOSIS HYPOTHESIS 1st eukaryotes were formed by the symbiosis of several prokaryotes

ENDOSYMBIOSIS HYPOTHESIS Proposed by Lynn Margulis

Hypothesis Endosymbiosis

3 TYPES OF PROTISTS Animal-like Plant-like Fungi-like

Animal-like Protists

4 Phyla of Animallike Protists Ciliophora Zoomastigina Sporozoa Sarcodina

Ciliophora Aka “cilliates” because they use cillia for movement. Cillia are hair like projections that work like oars in the water Example = paramecium

Paramecium

Zoomastigina Move through the water using flagella Flagella are long, whiplike projections (like the tail of a sperm)

Zoomastigina

Sporozoa Non-motile (do not move) All are parasitic Reproduce using spores Example: Plasmodium which causes malaria

Plasmodium falciparum

Sarcodina Use pseudopods (false foot) for movement Pseudopods are temporary projections of cytoplasm that help in movement and feeding Example = amoeba

AMEOBA

Plantlike Protists

3 Phyla of Plantlike Protists Euglenophyta Pyrrophyta Chrysophyta

Euglenophyta Flagellates with Chloroplasts Closely related to zoomastinans. example = euglena

EUGLENA

Pyrophyta Only eukaryote that does not have histones (proteins that tightly coil DNA) Most are luminescent (give off light) Example: Dinoflagellates

Dinoflagellates

Red Tide caused by dinoflagellates

Chrysophyta Includes yellow-green algae, golden brown algae, diatoms Example: Diatoms

DIATOM

Funguslike Protists

2 Phyla of Funguslike Protists Both are Slime Molds Acrasiomycota: cellular slimemolds Myxomycota: acellular slime molds

Acrasiomycota AKA Cellular Slime Molds Spend most of their lives as separate single-celled amoeboid protists The individual cells may come together into a great swarm

Myxomycota AKA plasmodial slime molds Have 1 cell with thousands of nuclei

MYXOMYCOTA