UNIT 1 QUIZ REVIEW

Science – from the Latin verb scire = “TO KNOW” “Curiosity is the foundation of science!”

Scientific Method A specific system of methods and procedures that use evidence to explain the natural world’s behavior Through careful, systematic study, we can understand and explain the natural world’s behavior

*After the Scientific Method is performed Scientific Theory Best explanation for certain observed facts Widely accepted by scientific community *After the Scientific Method is performed Example: The Theory of Plate Tectonics

Scientific Law Example: The Law of Gravity Universal facts of the physical world Can still be disproved if evidence is found! Example: The Law of Gravity

Scientific Method PROBLEM RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS EXPERIMENT ANALYZE CONCLUSION

4 Branches of Earth Science Geology  The study of the Earth 2. Hydrology – The study of fresh water and salt water 3. Meteorology – The study of the atmosphere, weather, & climate 4. Astronomy – The study of the universe

Environmental Science – the study of the impact of humans on the environment Goal: – To understand and solve environmental problems -Two types of interactions between humans and the environment: 1. How we use natural resources 2. How our actions alter the environment

Multiple Sciences - Ecology – the study of how living things interact with each other and with their environment

Geosphere Lithosphere – the crust & upper mantle “Round Stone” – Core, Mantle, & Crust Lithosphere – the crust & upper mantle Asthenosphere – the molten upper mantle

Hydrosphere Continuously cycling 97% Salt, 3% Fresh All of the Water on the Earth Continuously cycling 97% Salt, 3% Fresh

Atmosphere Sustains life on Earth Thin, gaseous envelope surrounding Earth Sustains life on Earth 100 km thick, (600 miles) but 90% is condensed in the 1st 10-15 km. (~ 6-9 miles)

Biosphere Includes all life on Earth Extends from the seafloor up to the atmosphere

The Earth is a System Two types of systems: System – any size group of interacting parts that form a complex whole. Two types of systems: Closed (EX: car’s cooling system) 2. Open (EX: most natural systems) Which type is our planet?___________

Earth’s Energy Sources All systems must have an energy source Earth’s Energy Sources 1. The Sun 2. Earth’s Core

1. Resource Depletion Renewable Resources: Can be replenished over a short period of time EXAMPLES: Nonrenewable Resources: May take millions of years to replenish

2. Pollution – undesired change in air, water, or soil that adversely affects the health, survival, or activities of humans or other organisms

3.Loss of Biodiversity – the number and variety of species that live in an area

a decimal system of international measurement based on 10 metric system: SI Units of SI used in this class: kilo= 1000 deci= 1/10 or .1 centi= 1/100 or .01 milli= 1/1000 or .001

When Measuring… Use… (Base Unit) length meters (m) volume l x w x h (m3) liter (L) mass grams (g) temperature Celsius (°C) *Mass is a measure of amount of matter in an object. *Weight is measure of gravitational force

1 meter=100 centimeters (cm) 1 meter= 1000 millimeters (mm) 1 cm= 10mm

Density is the mass of an object per unit volume (D=m/v). The unit for density is a combination of more than one fundamental unit which is called a derived unit

The density of water is 1.0 g/mL If an object’s density is greater than 1.0 g/mL will it sink or float? SINK! http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspView&ResourceID=17