Physical Science Period Table—Day 13 Materials Needed: Writing Utensil Folders Notebooks

Day 13—Skip 2 pages in your Blam Booklet (for DAy12) Bell work: Draw and complete the diagram Agenda Elements, Compounds & Mixtures Homogenous & Heterogeneous EMC Identification Lab Pure substance Compound Homogenous mixture Heterogeneous mixture

Q1: What is the season in the Southern Hemisphere? autumn spring summer winter SC8.4.1.b DOK 2

Q2: What is science? A. Science is the use of technology to make practical products. B. Science is doing experiments using tools like microscopes. C. Science is biology, chemistry, and physics that are studied in school. D. Science is a process for gaining knowledge that uses observations and experiments to explain things. SC8.1.3.g DOK 1

Mathematics Booster Find the volume of a substance with a mass of 550g and a density of 11.35 g/cm3. Find the mass of 25 ml of Mercury, which has a density of 13.55 g/cm3.

Greek/Latin Greek/Latin Meaning Sentence hetero different homo same genus kind non not peri around, about trans across, change

Today’s Objectives I will know how to classify substances as elements compounds, or mixtures. I will be able to identify elements, compounds, and mixtures based on their properties.

Bell Work Answer Pure Substance Homogenous Heterogeneous Mixture Compound

A1: What is the season in the Southern Hemisphere? A. autumn During autumn, the North and South Pole are not tilted toward or away from the Sun. B. spring C. summer The season in the Southern Hemisphere would be summer due to the tilt of the Earth’s axis. The Southern Hemisphere is pointing toward the Sun, receiving the most direct sunlight. D. winter The season in the Northern Hemisphere would be winter due to the tilt of the Earth’s axis. The Northern Hemisphere is pointing away from the Sun, receiving less direct sunlight. SC8.4.1.b DOK 2

A2: What is science? A. Science is the use of technology to make practical products. Science is a process of gaining knowledge. Technology uses the knowledge gained through science to make useful products. B. Science is doing experiments using tools like microscopes. Science may include using tools to perform experiments. C. Science is biology, chemistry, and physics that are studied in school. These are topics within science. D. Science is a process for gaining knowledge that uses observations and experiments to explain things. Science is about observing the natural world and finding ways to explain those observations. SC8.1.3.g DOK 1

Mathematics Booster Find the volume of object whose mass is 550 g and has a density of 11.35 g/cm3. 48.46 cm3 Find the mass of 25 mL of Mercury, which has a density of 13.55 g/cm3. 338.75 g

Pure Substances A pure substance is matter that always has exactly the same fixed and uniform composition. Table salt and Helium are two examples of pure substances. Substances can be classified into two categories—elements and compounds. Table Salt is a compound Helium is an element

Elements An element has a fixed composition because it contains only one type of atom. No two elements are the same. Hydrogen and Iodine are 2 completely different substances. In the following weeks we will discuss those differences more.

Elements Symbols for Elements Chemists use symbols of one or two letters to represent elements. The first letter is always capitalized. If there is a second letter, it is not capitalized. C represents carbon. Al represents aluminum. Au represents gold. (The Latin name for gold is aurum.) Point out where these are located on a periodic table. (Near the back cover in student book or pages 132-133.)

CO would be 2 atoms, 1 Carbon atom & 1 Oxygen atom Elements Symbols for Elements Co represents Cobalt CO would be 2 atoms, 1 Carbon atom & 1 Oxygen atom

What about those Elements at the bottom with 3 letters? Symbols for Elements What about those Elements at the bottom with 3 letters? Due to disputes over the discovery of some of the heavier elements, the International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) has devised a systematic naming scheme, based on Greek and Latin roots. When a new element is discovered, it is named by the following procedure:

Elements Aluminum, carbon, and gold are elements that you can see in common objects, such as cans, pencils, and rings. Mixtures containing iodine are used to prevent and treat infections. Gold Aluminum Carbon Iodine

Into what groups do we classify the elements by properties? Classifying Elements Into what groups do we classify the elements by properties?

Metals, Metalloids & Nonmetals Classifying Elements Into what groups do we classify the elements by properties? Metals, Metalloids & Nonmetals Have the students take notes over this so they can complete a matrix over Metals, Metalloids and Nonmetals.

Classes of Elements Metals The majority of the elements on the periodic table are classified as metals. Metals are elements that are good conductors of electric current and heat. Except for mercury, metals are solids at room temperature. Most metals are malleable. Many metals are ductile; that is, they can be drawn into thin wires.

Metals

Classes of Elements Metalloids Metalloid elements are located on the periodic table between metals and nonmetals. Metalloids are elements with properties that fall between those of metals and nonmetals. For example, a metalloid’s ability to conduct electric current varies with temperature. Silicon (Si) and germanium (Ge) are good insulators at low temperatures and good conductors at high temperatures.

Metalloids

Nonmetals generally have properties opposite to those of metals. Classes of Elements Nonmetals Nonmetals generally have properties opposite to those of metals. Nonmetals are elements that are poor conductors of heat and electric current. Nonmetals have low boiling points–many nonmetals are gases at room temperature. Nonmetals that are solids at room temperature tend to be brittle. If they are hit with a hammer, they shatter or crumble.

Nonmetals

Periodic Table of Elements

METALS METALLOIDS NONMETALS SHINY DULL MALLABLE DUCTILE BRITTLE Electrical Conductor Thermal Have the students complete this in their notes as they are discussed. Ask students who knows the definitions for mallable and ductile.

Compounds A compound is a substance that is made from two or more simpler substances and can be broken down into those simpler substances. A compound always contains two or more elements joined in a fixed proportion.

Compounds The properties of a compound differ from those of the substances from which it is made. Water is composed of the elements hydrogen and oxygen. Oxygen and hydrogen are gases at room temperature, but water is a liquid. Hydrogen can fuel a fire, and oxygen can keep a fire burning, but water does not burn or help other substances to burn.

Compounds The properties of a compound differ from those of the substances from which it is made. Table Salt, Sodium Chloride (NaCl), is comprised of the elements Sodium (Na) and Chlorine (Cl). At room temperature, Sodium is a solid and Chlorine is a gas produce Table salt a solid. Sodium is silvery-white and when expose to water will burn. Chlorine is a greenish-yellow gas that is used to treat drinking water. NaCl is required to sustain life.

How do mixtures differ from pure substances?

Mixtures If you make salsa, a recipe can guide you. You can use exactly the amounts in the recipe, or you can adjust the ingredients to your own taste. Salsa is a mixture. Each batch may be slightly different.

Mixtures The properties of a mixture can vary because the composition of a mixture is not fixed. Mixtures can retain some of the properties of their individual substances. The properties of a mixture are less constant than the properties of a substance.

Mixtures Mixtures can be classified by how well the parts of the mixture are distributed throughout the mixture. Heterogeneous Mixtures In a heterogeneous mixture, the parts of the mixture are noticeably different from one another. Homogeneous Mixtures In a homogeneous mixture, the substances are so evenly distributed that it is difficult to distinguish one substance in the mixture from another. (similar)

Mixtures The sand is a heterogeneous mixture of different kinds of grains. The spoon is stainless steel, a homogeneous mixture of iron, chromium, and nickel.

Classifying Mixtures Homogeneous Heterogeneous As a class, brainstorm together to list homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures.

As a class, identify which type of mixture is shown in each picture.

EMC Identification Lab With your group, identify each substance as an element, mixture, or compound.

Homework On the back of your data table, list three elements, three compounds, and three mixtures not discussed in class.

Exit Slip Compare and contrast the properties of compounds with the properties of the elements that make up the compounds.