Americans at War.

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Presentation transcript:

Americans at War

Objectives Understand the setbacks of the Allies in 1917 and 1918. Discover how Americans contributed to the Allied victory. Explain the agreement that ended the fighting.

Protecting Allied Shipping Development of a convoy system by the Navy helped protect the flow of products.

Protecting Allied Shipping WW1 began in 1914, but it was not until May of 1917 that the British Admiralty was finally forced to introduce a convoy system.

Protecting Allied Shipping Conventional thought was: The protection of trade was purely defensive, and to provide Naval escorts for convoys would deplete the fleet. Submarine Chaser with Balloon

Protecting Allied Shipping Why this view changed In 1915, German U-Boats accounted for sinking 400 ships The following year the tonnage sunk doubled, made up of 964 ships. (1916) Smoke Screens for Convoys

Protecting Allied Shipping Britain needed to protect shipments originating in the U.S. a large proportion of the food needed for Britain’s population to survive, plus the necessary military supplies destined for the armies fighting in France came from the U.S.

How did the convoy system help the Allies?

American Expeditionary Force After declaration of War Americans prepared to go over seas

American Expeditionary Force General John J Pershing Commanded the American Forces

American Expeditionary Force Pershing insisted that Americans not be integrated with other European Units

American Expeditionary Force By August of 1918 1,000,000 American Soldiers are in Europe

American Expeditionary Force By November 1918 2,000,000 Americans in Europe

American Expeditionary Force Supreme War Council British Prime Minister David Lloyd George advocated the creation of the Supreme War Council in the autumn of 1917.

American Expeditionary Force Supreme War Council This was an attempt to coordinate the War effort with heads of government to include France Britain, and the US. At best this a chaotic bureaucracy.

Setbacks and Advances During 1917 the Allied powers waited for more American troops to arrive as the allies situation grew grimmer. The British were bogged down in Belgium unable to move

Setbacks and Advances During that time the Germans and the Austro-Hungarian Empire were victorious over the Italians at Caporetto, IT