Lecture 12: Coldwater Stream Management Chapter 18: Coldwater Streams Also info from: Chapter 13: Management of Introduced Fishes Chapter 14: Stocking for Sport Fisheries Enhancement

Definition of a Coldwater Stream Streams where game fish populations are predominantly salmonids. Streams that maintain salmonid populations by sustaining spawning and rearing of juveniles rather than just serving as migratory pathways (self-sustaining population requirement).

Classification Salmonid Populations Anadromous species that move out of streams and to the sea or lakes immediately after emergence (chum and sockeye salmon). Anadromous species that spend 1-4 years in natal streams before moving to sea (Atlantic Salmon, Steelhead). Resident species that spend their entire lives in streams (Cutthroat Trout, Brook Trout).

Classification Salmonid Populations Anadromous vs. Stream Resident Mobile vs. Sedentary

Brook Trout Movement June – August 2001 Max Distance = 300m Max Distance = 6.5km N = 28 Mean Standard Length = 190 mm Days at Large: 28-70 days

Common Salmonid Fisheries Appalachian Brook Trout

Common Salmonid Fisheries Lake Superior Brook Trout (Coasters)

Common Salmonid Fisheries Brown Trout Rainbow Trout

Common Salmonid Fisheries Atlantic Salmon

Common Salmonid Fisheries Yellowstone Cutthroat Lahontan Cutthroat

Common Salmonid Fisheries Sockeye Salmon

Classification of Coldwater Streams Freestone: Water mostly is delivered overland or through shallow groundwater; highly variable stream flows; most of WV. Spring Creek: Deep ground water dominated streams, generally in karst geology; relatively stable flow, temperature, and water chemistry. Tailwater: Cold water comes from hypolimnetic release from an upstream dam, highly regulated flows systems (some can be stable flow, others highly variable).

From upper left to lower right: Freestone stream: Joes Run, WV Spring creek: Timber Coulee, WI Tailwater river: White River, AR