The Development of Management Thought Scientific Management Classical Administration The Human Relations approach The development of Management Thought The Systems approach Warning ! Management today The Contingency approach

Scientific Management -Frederick Taylor -An Appraisal of Scientific Management Classical Administration The Human Relations approach The development of Management Thought The Systems approach Warning ! Management today The Contingency approach

Scientific Management: Frederick Taylor An Appraisal of Scientific Management

Classical Administration Scientific Management Classical Administration Henri Fayol Bureaucracy: Max Weber An appraisal of classical Admin The Human Relations approach The development of Management Thought The Systems approach Warning ! Management today The Contingency approach

Classical Administration Henri Fayol Division of Work / Matched Authority and responsibility / The Scalar chain of command Bureaucracy: Max Weber Charismatic Leadership / Traditional leadership / Bureaucracy An appraisal of classical Admin

The Human Relations approach -Elton Mayo -Neo Human Relations -An appraisal of Human relations approach Scientific Management Classical Administration The development of Management Thought The Systems approach Warning ! Management today The Contingency approach

The Human Relations Approach: Elton Mayo Neo Human Relations An appraisal of Human relations approach

Scientific Management The Systems approach Scientific Management Classical Administration The Human Relations Approach: The Systems approach: -The organization as a system -The socio-technical system -An appraisal systems approach The development of Management Thought Warning ! Management today The Contingency approach

The Contingency approach Scientific Management Classical Administration The Human Relations Approach: The Systems approach The development of Management Thought The Contingency approach: -Contingency Theory -An Appraisal of the contingency theory Warning ! Management today

The Contingency approach: Contingency Theory The contingency approach to organization developed as a reaction to the idea that there are universal principles for designing forms of organizations , motivating staff and so on. An Appraisal of the contingency theory

Case study Cobble and carter is an accountancy practice. The partners now find that their present, highly bureaucratic methods of organization are unsatisfactory. Customer needs are wide and varied, decision making is too slow and the staff are becoming demotivated. The partners now have to consider changing their methods to overcome the present difficulties and have decided to use a new approach. This would involve partners being responsible for various companies and they would be assisted by small teams 1- give three advantages if they adopt this approach 2- identify 3 areas they would need to consider and investigate before making a final decision

Scientific Management Management today Scientific Management Classical Administration The Human Relations Approach: The development of Management Thought The Systems approach Management today -The new Organization -Market Driven Cultures -Flexibility -Empowerment The Contingency approach Warning !

Re-integration of jobs / Multi-skilling /flexible working Management today The new Organization In the past , management principles meant that organisations developed the following characteristics : Hierarchical control / Tall Structure / Single Function Specialisms / Focus on tasks and responsibilities / reactive and procedure bound systems HOWEVER nowadays Everything is international / New / Faster / Turbulent Market Driven Cultures The new organization values and cultures have changed from : -protective to productive -competitive individualism to teamwork -Security to Flexibility Flexibility Re-integration of jobs / Multi-skilling /flexible working

Empowerment : is the current term for making workers responsible for achieving and setting , work targets , with freedom to make decisions about how they are to be achieved. Empowerment goes hand in hand with: - Delayering, since responsibility previously held by middle managers is , in effect , being given to operational workers -Flexibility, since giving responsibility to the people closest to the product and customer encourages responsiveness and speers up the process -New tech, since there are more Knowledge workers in the new organisation.

Warning ! Organizations must be careful when dealing with change as some measures don’t last forever and a new set of procedures are more adequate.