Infectii respiratorii asociate ventilatiei noninvazive

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Prevention of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia
Advertisements

Ware, L. B. et al. N Engl J Med 2005;353: Physiology of Microvascular Fluid Exchange in the Lung.
The effect of ED crowding on outcomes Jesse M. Pines, MD, MBA, MSCE Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine and Health Policy George Washington University.
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)
Pneumonia nosocomiala = pneumonia de spital, dobindita ca urmare a spitalizarii, “hospital- acquired pneumonia”
Early Goal Therapy in Severe Sepsis & Septic Shock
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP)
Biphasic cuirass ventilation Identification BCVWhy?Who?How?Where?When?
Massimo Antonelli, MD Dept. of Intensive Care & Anesthesiology Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Rome - Italy Antibiotics: The old and the new.
July Darius Computer Skills for the Information Age April 13, 2015.
BY MELISSA JAKUBOWSKI PULMONARY DISEASE TREATMENT CONCERNING COPD.
Laurent Brochard NIV in the ICU: Lessons learnt in the last 20 years.
Protective Lung Strategy Mazen Kherallah, MD, FCCP
Positive Pressure Ventilation in Acute Respiratory Failure
Nosocomial Infections in Rural Hospitals William R. Barnett Robert Bolger MEDT 401 – Issues in Health Care April 29, 2004.
DR MUHAMMAD BILAL NON INVASIVE VENTILATION. DEFINITION : - DELIVERY OF MECHANICAL VENTILATION TO THE LUNGS THAT DON’T REQUIRE ET.T. OR TRACHEOSTOMY IRON.
Part IV: Application of NPPV and CPAP in Specific Disorders By: Susan P. Pilbeam, MS, RRT, FAARC John D. Hiser, MEd, RRT, FAARC Ray Ritz, BS, RRT, FAARC.
Respiratory failure 31/08/2011 Vivian Ho. Contents Definition Types Pathogenesis Effects Blood gases Management.
Pneumonia Dr. Abdul-Monim Batiha Assistant Professor Critical Care Nursing Philadelphia university.
TEMPLATE DESIGN © Noninvasive mechanical ventilation in the weaning of patients with respiratory failure due to COPD.
SPM 100 Skills Lab 1 Standard Precautions Sterile Technique Daryl P. Lofaso, M.Ed, RRT Clinical Skills Lab Coordinator.
นพ. ธรรมศักดิ์ ทวิช ศรี หน่วยเวชบำบัด วิกฤต ฝ่ายวิสัญญีวิทยา รพ. จุฬาลงกรณ์
What are Probiotics? Commercially available microorganisms which, when ingested as individual strains or in combinations, offer potential health benefits.
Achieving Glycemic Control in the Hospital Setting (Part 2 of 4)
Strategies to Prevent Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Acute Care Hospitals 2014 Update Dr Neda Alijani.
MICROBIOLOGICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY OF RESPIRATORY SPECIMENS IN ICU PATIENTS Dr Farooq Cheema, Dr Waseem Tariq, Dr Raja Ishtiaq, Dr Tabassum Qureshi, Dr Vincent.
PANDHARIPANDE PP ET AL. N ENGL J MED 2013; 369: Long-Term Cognitive Impairment after Critical Illness.
( Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation)
Quality Management in the ICU Mazen Kherallah, MD, FCCP Chairman, Critical Care Department King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center.
경희대 호흡기내과 ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME (Update 2013) 호흡기내과 박명재.
Pattern of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in Intensive Care Unit of Suez Canal University Hospital By Nermine El-Maraghy Associate Professor of Medical Microbiology.
Nosocomial Antibiotic Resistant Organisms
Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, School of Medicine
RENAL TRANSPLANTATION IN AN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT:
NOSOCOMIAL ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANT ORGANISMS
Figure 1. Algorithm for classifying patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia according to the Consensus Statement of the American Thoracic Society. Adapted.
Fig. 3. Target population for vaccines in the 21st century by Rappuoli et al. [25]. (A) The most important vaccines for each age group are reported. (B)
Volume 151, Issue 4, Pages (April 2017)
TYPES OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS
Copyright © 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics.
Particularitati respiratorii
Prevention: The Answer for Bacterial Resistance
CSI 101 Skills Lab 3 Universal Precautions and
Hospital acquired infections/ Nosocomial infections
Controlul glicemic la pacientul cu DZ2
Necesitatile nutritionale ale pacientilor cu cerinte speciale
Complicaţiile microvasculare ale DZ 2.
ACNEEA - O BOALA TRATABILĂ
Nosocomial Infections(NCI)
Antibiotic Resistance in Nosocomial Respiratory Infections
Staphylococcus aureus colonization at ICU admission as a risk factor for developing S. aureus ICU pneumonia  F.P. Paling, M. Wolkewitz, L.G.M. Bode, P.M.C.
Inside COMBACTE network: global information for a global problem.
Fewer PCIs After Public Reporting Changes in NY
Empirical antibiotic treatment algorithm for hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP)/ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Empirical antibiotic treatment algorithm.
Survival without tracheostomy
Recent advances in mechanical ventilation
Time frames for the application of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation in acute respiratory failure (ARF) according to the severity and end-of-life.
Composite of complications including cardiovascular (CV): acute myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmia requiring medical treatment and heart failure;
PPI prophylaxis for GI bleeding in ICU
A.W. Karchmer  Clinical Microbiology and Infection 
Evolving problems with resistant pathogens
Effects of Pay-for-Performance on the Quality of Primary Care in England Mean Scores for Clinical Quality at the Practice Level for Aspects of Care for.
Forest plots for randomised and cluster randomised controlled trials from Cochrane review Biomarkers as point-of-care tests to guide prescription of antibiotics.
Number of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) patients with newly isolated micro-organisms from endotracheal aspirates after initiation of antibiotic.
Community Acquired Pneumonia
Staphylococcus aureus colonization at ICU admission as a risk factor for developing S. aureus ICU pneumonia  F.P. Paling, M. Wolkewitz, L.G.M. Bode, P.M.C.
Kaplan-Meier curve for the probability of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) failure relative to continuous use of NIV and stratified for Acute Physiology and.
Evidence-based indications for noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NPPV) according to the severity and time of acute respiratory failure (ARF) [18].
Number of ventilator starts (including both noninvasive ventilation [NIV] and invasive mechanical ventilation subjects) based on age and etiology of ARF.
ICU length of stay comparing LTV and HTV mechanical ventilation in adult patients with ARDS. ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; HTV, higher tidal.
Presentation transcript:

Infectii respiratorii asociate ventilatiei noninvazive Gianina Rusu Traian Mihaescu

Aparitia infectiilor respiratorii la pacientii ce necesita asistarea ventilatiei este o cauza majora de morbiditate si mortalitate.

Exista o relatie directa intre infectiile nosocomiale si utilizarea instrumentelor invazive (tub endotraheal, cateter venos central, cateter urinar, etc); …relatia e dependenta de timpul de utilizare

Mentinerea barierelor naturale furnizate de glota si tractul respiraor superior Reducerea timpului de asistare mecanica, reducerea sedarii, evitarea intubatiei, scaderea timpului petrecut in unitatea de terapie intensiva

Ventilatia noninvaziva (VNI) poate reduce rata de intubatie si mortalitatea la pacientii cu insuficienta respiratorie acuta/cronica si la cei cu edem pulmonar cardiogen. Antonelli M et al. N Engl J Med 1988; 339: 429-35

In patients with acute respiratory failure, noninvasive ventilation was as effective as conventional ventilation in improving gas exchange and was associated with fewer serious complications and shorter stays in the intensive care unit. N Engl J Med 1998;339:429-35

Use of NIV instead of mechanical ventilation is associated with a lower risk of nosocomial infections, less antibiotic use, shorter length of ICU stay, and lowermortality. JAMA. 2000;284:2361-2367

Colonizarea sau infectia cailor aeriene cu microoorgaqbisme potential patogene este crescuta la pacientii cu BPOC sever exacerbat si potentata de: Azotemie/Acidoza Antibioterapie, clearence deficitar al sputei, terapie inhalatorie Comorbiditati: boli cerebrovasculare, insuficienta cardiaca congestiva, dementa, diabet zaharat

Colonizarea gastrica creste cu Virsta Aclorhidrie Boli gastrointestinale asociate Malnutritie Tratament cu antiacide sau blocanti tip 2 histamina

Colonizarea cu bacili Gram negativi, in special Pseudomonas aeruginosa, este asociata semnificativ cu esecul VNI Ferrer M et al. Crit Care Med 2001; 164: 1231-35

Risc de infectie Staphylococcus aureus meticillino rezistent Psudomonas aeruginosa Enterobacteria Acinetotobacter spp

Atentie! Riscul e diferit la: Exacerbari acute din BPOC Edem pulmonar cardiogen Pacienti imunocompromisi

Terapia empirica Cunoasterea speciilor bacteriene posibil responsabile Epidemiologia locala – ghid pe spital Severitatea bolii Spectrul bolnavilor tratati (medical, chirurgical, post ICU) Statusul functional al pacientilor Expunerea anterioara la antibiotice

“Hit hard and hit fast”!

“Health-care workers should take adequate precautions when providing NPPV support to patients with pneumonia of unknown etiology complicated by respiratory failure!” Hui DS et al. Chest 2009; 136: 998-1005