Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 1

Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data Florida Benchmarks SC.7.N.1.1 Define a problem from the seventh grade curriculum, use appropriate reference materials to support scientific understanding, plan and carry out scientific investigation of various types, such as systematic observations of experiments, identify variables, collect and organize data, interpret data in charts, tables, and graphics, analyze information, make predictions, and defend conclusions. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 2

Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data Florida Benchmarks SC.7.N.1.5 Describe the methods used in the pursuit of a scientific explanation as seen in different fields of science such as biology, geology, and physics. SC.7.N.3.2 Identify the benefits and limitations of the use of scientific models. MA.6.S.6.2 Select and analyze the measures of central tendency or variability to represent, describe, analyze, and/or summarize a data set for the purposes of answering questions appropriately. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 3

Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data Florida Benchmarks MA.6.A.3.6 Construct and analyze tables, graphs, and equations to describe linear functions and other simple relations using both common language and algebraic notation. LA.6.4.2.2 The student will record information (e.g., observations, notes, lists, charts, legends) related to a topic, including visual aids to organize and record information and include a list of sources used. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 4

Get Organized! How do scientists make sense of data? Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data Get Organized! How do scientists make sense of data? Scientific investigations involve the collection of data in the form of facts, figures, and other evidence. The more data a scientist collects, the greater the need for the data to be organized in some way. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 5

How do scientists make sense of data? Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data How do scientists make sense of data? Data tables are one of many ways scientists organize their data. Scientists often use data tables to organize and record many observations and measurements. Data tables show information grouped in columns and rows. Units of measurement are shown in the column headings. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 6

How do scientists make sense of data? Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data How do scientists make sense of data? Scientists use different types of graphs for analyzing patterns and trends. The type of graph depends on the data they collected and the relationship being studied. Circle graphs are ideal for showing data that are parts of a whole. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 7

How do scientists make sense of data? Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data How do scientists make sense of data? Each part of a circle graph represents a percentage of the whole circle. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 8

Circle Up! What do graphs show? Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data Circle Up! What do graphs show? Circle graphs are used to show how each group of data relates to all the data. Bar graphs are used to compare data in a number of categories. Line graphs are used to show changes in variables over time. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 9

Test Drive the New Model Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data Test Drive the New Model How do scientists evaluate models? A scientific model can be a visual or mathematical representation of an object or system. Models are useful for showing things that are too small, too large, or too complex to see easily. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 10

How do scientists evaluate models? Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data How do scientists evaluate models? This plant cell model shows the parts of the cell more clearly than they can be seen under a microscope. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 11

How do scientists evaluate models? Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data How do scientists evaluate models? Scientists use models in many ways. Scientists can use models to make predictions before an investigation and to represent results after an investigation. To use a model wisely, scientists must evaluate a model’s strengths and limitations. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 12

How do scientists evaluate models? Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data How do scientists evaluate models? A model can be evaluated by how much it can explain. Models can be simple or complex and can be made of any material. The important thing is for a model to be a good representation of the real object or system. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 13

How do scientists evaluate models? Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data How do scientists evaluate models? A model can be evaluated by how well it can adapt. A good model that is based on evidence can even help scientists discover new information. For example, when scientists built a model of DNA, they learned more about how genetic information is transmitted. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 14

How do scientists evaluate models? Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data How do scientists evaluate models? A model can be evaluated by how many limitations it has. Scientists can choose to use models that provide more information about certain things. Sometimes, new data do not fit the model made by scientists. Scientists must identify the ways in which a model does not match the real object or system. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 15