Topic 3 Modeling
Topics 3.1 – Conceptual Modeling 3.2 – Graphical Modeling 3.3 – Physical Modeling 3.4 – Computer Aided Design 3.5 – Rapid Prototyping
3.1 – Conceptual Modeling A model that exists in the mind used to help us know and understand ideas. What does that even mean? The starting point for solving a problem A detailed exploration of the idea is vital to take it from the intangible to the tangible Also must be able to articulate the idea to others Can be graphical, physical, or virtual
Concept Models can vary depending on the context Product design Generating ideas and then developing them to sell to customers This is basically your IA Service Design Planning and organizing people, infrastructure, components, etc. in order to improve quality/efficiency System design Don’t worry about it!
Advantages / Disadvantages of Conceptual Modeling Help with project planning Put abstract ideas into a visual/understandable form that might not be imaginable otherwise. Promote communication between designer, design team members or clients. DISADVANTAGES Make assumptions that in reality do not work may lack details – too simplistic scale may distort perceptions or understandings Graphic models such as flow charts may be difficult for people to understand.
TO SUMMARIZE Instead of a designer just jumping in and starting production on a design, CONCEPTUAL MODELING allows designers a chance to try out ideas. It is ALWAYS ITERATIVE
3.2 Graphical Modeling Graphical Models are used to communicate design ideas Simplify data and present it in such a way that understanding of what is being presented aids further development or discussion. Used as a tool to explore creative solutions and communicate ideas Refine ideas to explore creative solutions move from the technically impossible to the technically possible
Types of Graphical Modeling 2D Graphical Models Napkin sketches Orthographic drawings 3-D Graphical Models Isometric Exploding Isometric Perspective Drawings Exploding Part and Assembly drawings
Napkin sketch
Simple Orthographic Drawing
Isometric Drawing
Exploding Isometric
Part and Assembly Drawing
Perspective Drawing
Sketching vs Formal Drawings Sketching/Freehand Drawing Drawing without technical aids Used in the early stages of development to explore shape and form (3D) and construction details (2D) Almost ALWAYS annotated Describes thinking behind the image Ideas for further development Formal Drawings Usually done with CAD or fancy drawing tools Used at a later stage right before product is made Generally used to communicate to the manufacturer
3.3 – Physical Modeling Designers use physical models to visualize information about the context that the model represents. Often they are large objects scaled down and smaller objects are scaled up. Makes them easier to visualize PRIMARY GOAL to test the aspects of a product against user requirements. TESTING AND EVALUATION!!!!
Types of Physical Models Scale Models – a physical representation of an object that maintains the same size relationships Aesthetic Models – checking out the look and feel of the final product Mock-Ups - a scale or full-size model of a design or device, used for teaching, demonstration, design evaluation, promotion, and other purposes. Prototypes – like a mock up EXCEPT it provides at least part of the functionality of a system and enables testing of a design. Instrumented models – uses data collection tools to give more precise information to the designer.
Aesthetic Modeling
Mock-ups
Prototypes
Instrumented Model
3.5 – Rapid prototyping
A group of techniques used to create a scale model or just part of a product using CAD data. Ex. 3D printing
Types of Rapid Prototyping Stereolithography Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) This is what our 3D printer does Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM) Selective laser sintering (SLS) Using the links on the website differentiate between these four rapid prototyping techniques.
SLS FDM LOM SL TECHNIQUE BASIC METHOD (how it works) BEST USES COST (keep it general – expensive, super expensive, cheap, etc. SLS FDM LOM SL