Groundwater is the water found in cracks and pores in sand, gravel, and rocks below the earth’s surface. Aquifer is the porous rock layer underground.

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Presentation transcript:

Groundwater is the water found in cracks and pores in sand, gravel, and rocks below the earth’s surface. Aquifer is the porous rock layer underground that is a reservoir for water. Groundwater

Precipitation can do three things: Where does groundwater come from? Infiltrate, Runoff, or Evaporate Where does groundwater come from? When water infiltrates or seeps into the ground it fills the cracks and space in rock. Groundwater

Groundwater

Permeable vs. impermeable The type of rock or soil affects how much water can be held in an aquifer. Permeable means that the material allows water to pass through. Impermeable means that the material does not allow water to pass through. Permeable vs. impermeable

Permeable vs. impermeable What type of materials are permeable & impermeable? Permeable = Gravel, Sand Impermeable = Clay, Granite Permeable vs. impermeable

Saturated zone is the area of permeable rock or soil that is totally filled with water. The top of the saturated zone is called the water table. Unsaturated zone is the layer of rock and soil above the water table. It is not saturated with water. Water Zones

Water can be extracted from the ground by digging or drilling for access to the aquifer. Artisan well is a natural process where water rises because of pressure in the aquifer. Wells

Types of water pollution Water Pollution Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies such as lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers, and groundwater. Types of water pollution Agricultural pollution Sediment Oil & Toxic Chemicals Saltwater intrusion Atmospheric chemicals Garbage Water Pollution

(Agricultural Pollution) Fertilizer, Pesticides, & Animal Waste Frequently runoff into local water system and contaminate groundwater sources. Fertilizer is made up of nitrogen & phosphorus Excess nitrogen & phosphorus lead to eutrophication

What is eutrophication? Eutrophication- algal blooms caused by excess nitrogen & phosphorus that leads to depleted oxygen levels and dead aquatic organisms What is eutrophication?