7.5 Naming Acids

Naming Acids: Binary acids All acids start with H (e.g. HCl, H2SO4) 2 acids types exist: binary acids and oxyacids Binary: H + non-metal. E.g. HCl Oxy: H + polyatomic ion. E.g. H2SO4 Each have different naming rules. Binary acids: naming depends on state of acid If it’s not aqueous: hydrogen + non-metal HCl(g) = hydrogen chloride If it is aqueous: hydro + non-metal + ic acid HCl(aq) = hydrochloric acid (aqueous hydrogen chloride) HBr(s) HI(aq) H2S(aq) H2S(g) hydrogen bromide hydr(o)iodic acid hydrosulfuric acid hydrogen sulfide

Naming Oxyacids Naming does not depend on the state (aq) 1) name the polyatomic ion 2) replace “ate” with ic, “ite” with ous 3) change non-metal root for pronunciation 4) add “acid” to the name E.g. H2SO3 1) sulphite, 2) sulphous, 3) sulphurous, 4) sulphurous acid HNO2 hypochlorous acid H3PO4(aq) carbonic acid

Naming Acids: Oxyacids Naming does not depend on the state (aq) 1) name the polyatomic ion 2) replace ate with ic, ite with ous 3) change non-metal root for pronunciation 4) add “acid” to the name E.g. H2SO3 1) sulphite, 2) sulphous, 3) sulphurous, 4) sulphurous acid HNO2 hypochlorous acid H3PO4(aq) carbonic acid - nitrous acid - HClO - phosphoric acid - H2CO3

7.6 Calculating Molar Mass and Percent Composition

A. Molar Mass A compound is a collection of atoms bound together. 1 mole of methane 1 mole of carbon and 4 moles of hydrogen The molar mass of (“one mole of”) a compound is obtained by summing the masses of the appropriate number of moles of component atoms.

What is the Molar / Formula Mass of the following Compounds? Na3N CS2 NH4Br C2H5OH H2SO3 H2SO4 MgSO4

B. Percent Composition of Compounds Percent composition consists of the mass percent of each element in a compound: % composition= What are the % composition of C, H and O in Ethanol?

Calculate the % Composition of Each Element in the Following Compounds: LiBr CuOH SrSO4 C2H4O C6H12O6