Building Military Strength
Cost-Plus Contracts Gov’t pays cost + a profit percent More product = More profit Cost gov’t a lot BUT war goods made
Detroit “Arsenal of Democracy” Detroit made 1/3 of war goods 4,000 tanks per month
Rosie the Riveter From Willow Run Airport Women made up 1/3 or workforce
Liberty Ships Used Ford’s Assembly line concept Pre-built parts assembled at port Welded instead of Riveted 1 ship ever 17 days
War Production Board Set production priorities and goals
Building an Army
Draft First peacetime draft – after Poland Ranked 19th in World
Enlisted Post Pearl Harbor 60,000 sign up/month G.I. Government Issued (uniforms)
Segregation Segregated Army Tuskegee Airmen Squadron that protected bombers http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qMPLpExgkGg Add intro gov’t quote from video quote
Double “V” Campaign Victory against Hitler Victory against Segregation
Women 400,000 women in military NO Combat W.A.S.P.s Nurses/Clerical Pilots that made deliveries
African Americans Great migration north to work in plants Detroit & Chicago Belle Isle Riot 25 AA 9 W killed
Mexican Americans CA teen crime rate rose Zoot Suits vs Victory Suit
Japanese Americans West coast angry at Japanese Relocation Camps FDR forced Jap. Into camps Fear of spies/attacks Supreme Court Approved military security Reagan later apologized
Rationing Stamps used to buy food & goods Gas = 35 mph 1 book / month
Victory Gardens Plant a garden to save food Donate materials to the war Rubber, tin, aluminum, oil, fat Exchange bacon grease for coupons
Liberty Bonds Gov’t spent $300 billion E Bonds: $18.75 - $25 in ten years Citizens: $50 billion Companies: $150 billion
Wage & Price Controls Price & wage freezes Post-war prices rose ½ as much as WWI Minimized strikes