World War II Brief Overview

Causes World War I and Treaty of Versailles Appeasement Rise of totalitarianism

Fascism Totalitarian or dictatorship type of government Emphasizes nationalism and race over individuality

Whose side are you on? Axis Allies Germany Italy Japan USSR (Before Hitler attacked) Allies Great Britain France United States USSR (After Hitler attacked!)

Winston Churchill “...We shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end...We shall fight in the seas and oceans...We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing-grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender...”

War in Europe D-Day (Operation Overlord) VE Day

D-Day Operation Overlord June 6, 1944 150,000 Allied troops landed Normandy, France 9,000 Allied soldiers were killed or wounded

VE Day Victory in Europe Day May 8, 1945 German soldiers surrendered Allies won in Europe

War in the Pacific Pearl Harbor VJ Day

Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941 2,000 soldiers and sailors died 1,000 were wounded

Japanese Internment Camps FDR signed Order 9066 Over 110,000 people would be moved into these camps Issei: 1st generation Japanese immigrants (denied citizenship) Nisei: 2nd generation Japanese-Americans, citizens by birth

Japanese Internment Camps “ In desert camps, the evacuees met severe extremes of temperature. In winter in reached 35 degrees below zero, and summer brought temperatures as high as 115 degrees. Rattlesnakes and desert wildlife added danger to discomfort.” WRA: War Relocation Authority WCCA: Wartime Civil Control Administration

Japanese Internment Camps “In the detention centers, families lived in substandard housing, had inadequate nutrition and health care, and had their livelihoods destroyed; many continued to suffer psychologically long after their release”

Japanese Internment Camps “Most of the 110,000 persons removed for reasons of ‘national security’ were school age children, infants and young adults not yet of voting age”

Japanese Internment Camps “At Gila [AZ] there were 7,700 people crowded into space designed for 5,000. They were housed in mess halls, recreation halls, and even latrines. As many as 25 person lived in a space intended for 4.”

Japanese Internment Camps “When we first arrived at Minidonka, everyone was forced to use outhouses since the sewer system had not been built. For about 1 year, the residents had to brace the cold and stench of these accomodations”

War in the Pacific

VJ Day Victory in Japan Day August 15, 1945 Allies win in the Pacific against the Japanese

The Home Front Rations Victory Gardens (40% of all veggies consumed in US) War Bonds

The Home Front Rosie the Riveter Women worked in factories Women in the work force rose from 25% to 36%