Chapter 7 Constructed- Response Test By: Britney Thyfault, Scott Hale, and Jason Pehrson

Chapter Review Chapter 7, points out the advantages/ disadvantage of   Chapter 7, points out the advantages/ disadvantage of constructed-response assessment schemes. It will teach you how to create and score short-answer and essay items.

Essential Questions     What are short - answer items and how do you grade them?     - How does short - answers items measure the learning outcomes?     - Advantages/disadvantages of short - answer items.      - When asking a short-answer item why is it better to use direct questions rather than incomplete statements?     - Understanding Positioning Blanks, Limiting blanks and Inducing Linear Equality when it comes to short-answer items.     -  When are essay items used? What qualifies as an essay? How do you score essay items?     -  How does an essay item determine the students learning ability?     -  The different types of Essay forms.     - How to create the correct format of an essay item.     -  What is assessment Task?      - The type of scoring approach will be taking holistically or Analytic     -   Importance about Mechanics      - Understanding Constructed- response tests Guidelines for Short-Answer items -  asking direct questions instead of incomplete statements -  the item should be concise and structured - Place blanks in margin for direct questions or near the end of incomplete statements. - Make sure blanks are equal in length for the answer   - if crafted carefully, short-answers items can measure more challenging kinds of learning outcomes! - Essay items are useful in gauging a student's ability to synthesize, evaluate, and compose - Item- writing guidelines essay Items - convey clear idea -Construct items so the student's task is explicitly described - provide student with app. time each item as well as each item's value - do give optional items - judge items carefully by composing mentally or writing, a possible response.  How to  Score Responses to essay questions. Score responses holistically and/ or analytically -Prepare a attentive scoring, Key in advance for the students to look at - Make decisions regarding the importance of the mechanics of writing prior scoring -Score all response to one item before scoring the next - Insofar as possible, evaluate responses anonymously Scoring approaches Holistically (organization, communication clarity, adaptation to audience, word choice, Mechanics)  or Analytic approach( (0) points unacceptable, (1) satisfactory, (2) outstanding)  

Key Understanding Short Answer Use mostly direct questions rather than incomplete sentences Concise Answers Place blanks at the end of an incomplete sentence or in the margin of direct questions Only use one or two blanks for incomplete sentences Blanks of equal length Essay Let them know how long the answer should be Describe task explicitly Provide Approximate time allotted Don't use optional items Judge quality of an item before giving it to students Scoring Essays Score holistically and/or analytically Prepare tentative scoring key before judging responses Decide beforehand the importance of writing mechanics Score all responses to one item before moving on to the next response If possible, be ignorant of who's test you're grading

Nice to Know Short Answer Questions that will stimulate the students  Clear expectations of the students Know what a short response consists of Keep the answer blanks the same size Try to think along the same lines as your students   Essay  Useful in gauging a student's ability to synthesize, evaluate, and compose. Constructed suitable essay items from classroom teachings.

Short answers Examples: What's wrong with this. ____________ was the most important figure in the Revolution.   After a series of major conflicts with natural disasters, in the year _______, the explorers__________ and __________, accompanied by their ____________, discovered____________. An animal that walks on two feet is technically classified as ___________?

Item- Writing Guidelines for Short- Answer Items *     Usually employ direct questions rather than incomplete statements, particularly for young students. - Structure the item so that a response should be concise - Place blanks in the margin for direct questions or near the end of incomplete statements, use only one or, at most, two blanks. - make sure blanks for all items are equal in length.

           Write way/ Wrong Way ?   * Restate the definition for ‘opportunity cost’ that was provided in class.  ______________________________________________ * What an essay about the use of Forks? _________________________________

                    Essay Question    Take about three minutes to formulate the definition and formula for the quadratic equation.  After you get your thoughts in order, write them our in four complete sentences or less.  Be precise and thorough in your definition and formula, we will later use your findings to solve quadratic equations. Be sure to include in your definition the way that graphing the function will help in the solving of the quadratic equation. (20 points, about seven minutes)

Item- Writing Guidelines for Essay Items - Convey to students a clear idea regarding the extensiveness of the response desired. - Construct items so the students task is explicitly described. - Provide students with the approximate time to be expended on each item as well as each item's value - Do not employ optional items. Precursively judge an item's quality by composing, mentally or in writing a possible response.