Unit 2: Human Migration 1830-1914

Homo erectus was a traveler! Homo erectus began migrating to southerly parts of Eurasia sometime after about 1.8 million years ago. 200k yrs ago Today Big Eras 3-9 10k 1.8 mil. yrs ago 27k Big Era 1 Big Era 2 Homo erectus

Migrations of Homo sapiens Siberia 40,000 years ago Europe 40,000 years ago North America 12,000-30,000 years ago Southwest Asia 100,000 years ago Oceania 1600 B.C.E.-500 C.E. Human Origins 200,000-250,000 years ago Australia as many as 60,000 years ago Chile 12,000-13 ,000 years ago Possible coastal routes of human migration Possible landward routes of human migration Migrations in Oceania For what reasons were these people moving?

What about migrations in the time period we are studying?

I. Influence of Transportation and Communication Fossil fuels were used to power ships and trains Move more cargo Move cargo faster Electronic communications increased due to steam-driven printing press and telegraph/telephone Communicate more quickly Raise awareness about both opportunities and trouble

In general, Europeans who left Europe either temporarily or permanently went to regions with similar temperate climates North America New Zealand South Africa Australia Asian and African migrants went to more tropical latitudes Looked for jobs in mines, plantations and commerce II. Migration

EVERYONE STAND UP!!!! If you were born in Collbran, sit down If you were born in Grand Junction, sit down If you were born in Colorado, sit down If you were born in the US, sit down If you were not born in Colorado, why did your parents move here? Where do your grandparents live? Where did they used to live? How and why did they arrive at their current location? What factors cause people to move? Brainstorm as a class.

Break up into 2 groups Group A A group of space explorers that has gone to Mars and established a small colony there. Group B A group that has built an underwater colony in the Indian Ocean As a group, determine the factors that would have to be present in order to move from your area to the other. If you, personally, were forced to choose between being in one of these groups, which would you pick and why? (Answer with more than one being cooler than the other!)

III. Communication and Migration Ways in which people move things (products, livestock, mail) Ways in which people exchange ideas In previous eras, things could only be moved by natural-existing power Human or animal muscle Wind Water current Goods and information could only move as fast as nature allowed Physical endurance Weather

IV. Energy for Transportation In this era, humans learn how to create energy for transportation Steam pumps for mining Portable engines for boats Portable engines for railroads These developments increased the demand for fossil fuels Coal provided a seemingly unlimited source of power Long distance travel became more practical

V. Energy for Communication Humans learned how to exchange ideas rapidly as well Telegraph invented First trans-Atlantic cable laid in 1858 Telephone invented Rapid, long-distance communication became accessible to more people Steam-powered printing press developed 1,100 sheets per hour Cheaper to print Taxes on newspapers decreased More access to news and information V. Energy for Communication

VI. Impacts Environmental Social Mining and pollution People encountered other populations through newspaper or travel Ideas spread faster and more widely

Your turn… If coal made travel and mechanized industry possible, why have we sought other sources of energy? Have there been any technological developments in recent years that have had an impact similar to that of the telegraph and the telephone? The advancement to electronic communication allowed information to travel around the world in a matter of days instead of months. What impact would this have had on business? Social life? Politics? The environment?