Overview of Advanced Traveler Information Systems Evaluations Joseph I. Peters, Ph.D. Manager, ITS Program Assessment U.S. Department of Transportation Transportation Research Board 85th Annual Meeting Session 208 Recent Advances in Advanced Traveler Information Around the World January 23, 2006 8:00 am - 9:45am January 23, 2006

INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS INTELLIGENT INFRASTRUCTURE ATIS: What is this? INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS INTELLIGENT INFRASTRUCTURE INTELLIGENT VEHICLES Source: www.itsoverview.its.dot.gov

ATIS: What is this? Source: www.itsoverview.its.dot.gov Intelligent Infrastructure: Transit Management Systems Incident Management Systems Emergency Management Systems Electronic Payment Systems Traveler Information Arterial Management Systems Freeway Management Systems Road Weather Management Information Management Crash Prevention & Safety Roadway Operations & Maintenance Commercial Vehicle Operations Intermodal Freight Source: www.itsoverview.its.dot.gov

ATIS: What is this? Source: www.itsoverview.its.dot.gov ATIS applications: Use a variety of technologies, including: Internet websites Telephone hotlines Television Radio Allow users to make more informed decisions regarding: Trip departures Routes Mode of travel 511 promotes ATIS integration across: Agencies Jurisdictions Media Source: www.itsoverview.its.dot.gov

ATIS: What are the benefits? Phoenix, AZ: 82% of repeat callers to a 511 system perceived the traffic information to be timely and accurate. 95% of first time callers said that they would use the system again. Source: www.itsbenefits.its.dot.gov

ATIS: What are the benefits? Virginia statewide: 90% of survey respondents found the state’s 511 phone service “useful”. Source: www.itsbenefits.its.dot.gov

ATIS: What are the benefits? Yellowstone National Park, MT: 81% of respondents said that they were “satisfied” with the system, which gives location-specific road weather reports. Source: www.itsbenefits.its.dot.gov

ATIS: What are the costs? Where does your money go? ATIS cost components: Data collection Closed-circuit television (CCTV) cameras and field sensors, e.g., microwave, infrared, loop detectors, machine vision Data processing and analysis Integration of data from multiple sources and packaging of information Information dissemination Media, e.g., 511, dynamic message signs, Internet, wireless Source: www.itscosts.its.dot.gov

Annual Maintenance Cost Annual Operational Cost Index: 2 Capital Cost ($K) O&M Cost ($K/yr) Low 9 0.1 High 13 0.58 Adjusted From Date 2004     Capital Cost ($K) O&M Cost ($K/yr) Low 9 0.1 High 13 0.58 Adjusted From Date 2004 ATIS: What are the costs? Salt Lake City, UT: Data collection system Estimated date of costs: 2003 dollars Component Cycle Life (Years) Total Capital Cost Annual Maintenance Cost Annual Operational Cost 230 CCTV Cameras (capital includes cameras and installation) 10 $8,400,000   $75,600 Traffic Monitoring Stations (placed every ½ mile) $2,100,000 $42,000 $37,800 Dollar year of costs data is not explicitly stated in the Utah report; however, based on content in the report we estimate that the costs are in 2003 dollars. Note that dollar values used to estimate benefits were in 2003 dollars. Source: www.itscosts.its.dot.gov Notes: One sensor both directions of travel. Includes sensor, transceiver, cabinet, electrical service, and pole. Notes: One sensor both directions of travel. Includes sensor, transceiver, cabinet, electrical service, and pole.

ATIS: What are the costs? Phoenix, AZ: Data analysis system Date of costs: 1998 dollars AzTech Server Hardware & Installation Total Start-up Costs Annual O&M Total O&M Costs AZTech Server $35,154 AZTech Server Recurring Costs $209,551 AZTech Network Management Server $26,434 AZTech Workstation $6,786 WAN/CODEC $364,856 Video Switch Expansion $20,257 AZTech Server Planning and Development Labor Costs $1,166,659 Operator Training $72,281 Total $1,692,427 We know from the report and detailed cost sheets that the Phoenix costs data are in 1998 dollars. Source: www.itscosts.its.dot.gov

ATIS: What are the costs? Yellowstone National Park, MT: Information dissemination system Estimated date of costs: 2002 dollars Description Capital Costs Annual O&M Costs One-time cost to build associated system interface components (database and weather model for Montana) $89,700   Operating cost for a state-wide 511 traveler information system excluding toll-charges $135,005 Cost for toll charges for public access to 511 infrastructure $51,848 One-time capital improvement for the addition of voice recognition $5,400 Marketing costs. The O&M cost of $5,000 is for 2004 $66,000 $5,000 Estimated one-time capital improvement for AMBER, Homeland Security, and general transportation alerts $18,046 Estimated annual operating cost for statewide alert system $3,600 Estimated one-time capital improvement for the addition of regional reposts over 511 $8,854 TOTAL $188,000 $195,453 These are the costs for the system near Yellowstone that I mentioned earlier, with the customer satisfaction levels improving from 62% to 81% with the improvement in data provided and the switch to the 511 phone number. Cost dollar year is not explicitly stated in the report and the cost spreadsheets reported to USDOT; however, we estimate based on the content of the report and when the evaluation occurred that the costs are in 2002 dollars. Source: www.itscosts.its.dot.gov

ATIS: How much is out there? Almost all freeway and transit agencies use the Internet to disseminate traveler info. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Web Sites E -Mail Automated Telephone Facsimile Pagers Kiosks Dedicated Cable TV Method to Distribute Information Percent of Agencies Freeway Arterial Transit Source: www.itsdeployment.its.dot.gov

ATIS: How much is out there? Almost all transit agencies disseminate static traveler info. Almost half of all transit agencies disseminate dynamic traveler info. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Static Information (Routes, Schedules, and Fares) Dynamic Information (Real-time Schedule Adherence) Types of Information Percent of Transit Agencies Source: www.itsdeployment.its.dot.gov

ATIS: How much is out there? Over 3/4 of all freeway agencies disseminate real-time incident info to travelers. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Incidents Travel Times Travel Speeds Types of Information Disseminated Percent of Agencies Freeway Arterial Source: www.itsdeployment.its.dot.gov

ATIS: What are the lessons learned? Nationwide: Provide consistent and high-quality information to influence traveler behavior. Source: www.itslessons.its.dot.gov

ATIS: What are the lessons learned? Nationwide: Design the 511 system to handle the surge in call volume during major events. Source: www.itslessons.its.dot.gov

ATIS: What are the lessons learned? Acadia National Park, ME: Develop ways to “market” your ATIS to local businesses, and enlist them to promote ATIS to their customers. Source: www.itslessons.its.dot.gov

ATIS: How did we learn all this? Benefits, costs, and lessons learned: U.S. DOT evaluates the following types of ITS projects: Field operational tests, e.g.: Acadia National Park (Acadia, ME) Model deployments, e.g.: Metropolitan Model Deployment Initiative (Phoenix, AZ; Seattle, WA; San Antonio, TX) 511 Model Deployment (Arizona statewide) ITS Integration Program projects (“earmarks”), e.g.: Greater Yellowstone Regional Traveler and Weather Information System (Yellowstone National Park, MT) Travel Shenandoah 511 (Virginia statewide) Special events, e.g.: ITS for the 2002 Winter Olympic Games (Salt Lake City, UT) Simulation studies

ATIS: How did we learn all this? Deployment trends: U.S. DOT surveys extent of ITS deployment in 78 of the country’s largest metro areas, 30 medium-sized cities, 20 tourist cities, and all 50 states.

Conclusions ATIS: What are the benefits? ATIS: What are the costs? ATIS improves customer satisfaction by allowing travelers to make informed decisions. ATIS: What are the costs? ATIS covers multiples components, such as traffic management centers and field devices. Costs vary based on size and complexity of the system. Consideration of both capital outlay and annual operations and maintenance costs are key to developing an accurate estimate. ATIS: How much is out there? Almost all freeway and transit agencies are using some sort of ATIS. ATIS: What are the lessons learned? Consistency, data quality, scalability, and marketing are key to deployment success.

Resources Source: www.itsoverview.its.dot.gov ITS Benefits Database www.itsbenefits.its.dot.gov ITS Costs Database www.itscosts.its.dot.gov ITS Deployment Statistics Database www.itsdeployment.its.dot.gov ITS Lessons Learned Database www.itslessons.its.dot.gov ITS Technology Overview “One stop shopping” on the costs, benefits, deployment, lessons learned for ITS. More info available, too! www.itsoverview.its.dot.gov Source: www.itsoverview.its.dot.gov