AI, Grand Designs, and Safety. Prof. Mike Hinchey, IFIP President-Elect

Courtesy: Siobhan Clarke, Lero@TCD 5

Swarm Technologies Inspired by swarms of bees and flocks of birds in nature; Many application areas: drug discovery; communication systems; environmental monitoring; exploration. 6

Swarm Technologies Coordinated swarms of smaller spacecraft will offer: More effective use of solar power; Access to areas where large craft could not go; Ability to perform more complex tasks; Greater accuracy and flexibility. 7

Autonomous NanoTechnology Swarm Using swarms of “intelligent”, autonomous spacecraft to explore Lunar and Martian surface (Lander Amorphous Rover Antenna, LARA) Saturn’s rings (Saturn Autonomous Ring Array, SARA) Asteroid belt (Prospecting Asteroid Mission, PAM) 8

ANTS Concept Mission - PAM

Model of Formal Method 10

ASSL Specification 11 11

Inspiration from the human/mammalian autonomic nervous system. Autonomic Computing Inspiration from the human/mammalian autonomic nervous system. Rest and Digest Fight or Flight sympathetic (SyNS) parasympathetic (PaNS) The human body’s Autonomic Nervous System is the part of the nervous system that controls the vegetative functions of the body such as circulation of the blood, intestinal activity and secretion and the production of chemical ‘messengers’, hormones, that circulate in the blood [4]. The system is subdivided into the sympathetic (SyNS) and parasympathetic (PaNS) nervous systems, the outflow of the autonomic centres is not under direct conscious control. The separate systems tend to have opposite effects: parasympathetic slows the heart rate whereas the sympathetic speeds it up. The sympathetic nervous activity increases in response to fear, i.e., the ‘fight or flight’ response, while the parasympathetic nervous activity acts to calm, the ‘rest and digest’ response, for instance [4]. This biological autonomicity is influencing a new paradigm for computing to create similar self-management within systems (Autonomic Computing, Autonomic Communications and Autonomic Systems). 12

The Autonomic Environment sSleep AE AE I am healthy AE MC MC MC I am alive AM AM AM Zzz   S* S* S* S* S* S* S* S* S* S* S* S* S* Stay awake S* S* S* ALice S* S* Autonomic Communications Channel   Autonomic Agent (Mobile agent) Autonomic Agent Apoptosis Controls 13

SPL / Feature Model Say here that each box is a feature that is the same that a goal. And that the connectors say if the feature is mandatory, optional, … 14 14

Requirements to Design to Code (R2D2C) Requirements expressed as scenarios (reversed) Existing code generating tools Models Code Mathematical laws of concurrency Existing model extraction (reverse engineering) tools

Current Status

Open Questions (and some answers) To what extent do we allow a system (component) to make decisions about its future behaviour? Given that we allow change, how do we know that safety properties have been preserved? What degree of trust can we put in the system (component) after self-adaptation?

Thank you!