ID’s: Barbed Wire Buffalo The Frontier ID’s: Barbed Wire Buffalo
Settlers Push Westward Argued Natives forfeited their rights to land because they hadn’t settled down. Settled along railroad and wagon trails Lure of Silver and Gold
Long Odds of Gold Mining
Government Support for Settlement Homestead Act: 160 acres of land to head of household Exodusters: Af-Am. Who left the South Oklahoma: “The Sooner State” 2 million acres of land gone in 1 day
Dugouts and Soddies Trees were scarce so settlers built homes from the land itself
Technical Support John Deere: Steel Plow to slice through heavy soil Cyrus McCormick: Reaper- sped up the harvest and saved crops from bad weather
Native Americans Resist Massacre at Sand Creek: 400 peaceful Cheyenne Indians killed “I want no peace till the Indians suffer more” – US Army Commander
Native Americans Resist Bozeman Trail ran through Sioux hunting grounds. Crazy Horse led attacks along the trail Sioux and Cheyenne unite: Custer’s Last Stand BATTLE OF WOUNDED KNEE
Buffalo Every Part important to Native Americans Hide Horns Bones Skull
Buffalo in 1800: 65,000,000
Buffalo in 1870: 1,000
Vaqueros and Cowboys Learned from Mexican neighbors how to round up, rope, brand, and care for longhorns Chaparreras: Charqui: Bronco Caballo: Rancho: Corral: Rodeo:
Demand for Beef Civil War and the transcontinental railroad increased the demand for beef Chisholm Trail
The Life of a Cowboy 1 cowboy for 300 cattle In the Saddle form dawn to dusk River Crossings and Lightening
Barbed Wire Invented by Joseph Glidden: cheap and easy to use Open plains became fenced in ranches = ended the frontier
Buffalo Bill Cody Wild West Show