ارزيابي برنامه انتقال دانش

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Presentation transcript:

ارزيابي برنامه انتقال دانش کارگاه انتقال دانش دانشگاه علوم پزشکي تهران

A five-step approach to knowledge transfer Message (WHAT?) Target Audience (WHO?) Messenger (BY WHOM?) Knowledge transfer process and support system (HOW?) Evaluation (with what EFFECT should it be transferred?) Lavis, J; et al. (2003). The Milbank Quarterly, 81 (2) : 221-248. KURC

Because what you told me is absolutely correct but completely useless The problem Yes, how did you know? Where am I? You must be a researcher Because you don’t know where you are, you don’t know where you’re going, and now you’re blaming me You’re 26 metres above the ground in a balloon You must be a policy maker Yes. How did you know? 3/26

Learning objectives Become familiar with knowledge utilization models and importance of collaboration for collectivity of efforts, Accept need to address knowledge translation barriers at institutional level. 4/26 TUMS-KTE group

Denis, J. -L. , Lehoux, P. , Champagne, F Denis, J.-L., Lehoux, P., Champagne, F. (2004) « Knowledge Utilization in Health Care: From Fine-tuning of Dissemination to “Contextualization” of Knowledge » in Lemieux-Charles, L., Champagne, F., Langley, A. (Eds.), Multiple Perspectives on Evidence-Based Decision-Making in Health Care, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, p. 18-40. KURC

Knowledge? Information: Organized data Knowledge: Meaningful information J Knowledge Management 2001;5:68-75. Bhatt in 2001 KURC

مدل هاي بهره برداري از دانش مدل منبعث از دانشKnowledge driven، مدل حل مسئله Problem solving، مدل روشن‌فكرانه Enlightenment، مدل راهبردي Strategic، مدل كنكاش‌گرانه يا تعاملي Interactive or Deliberative . KURC

Knowledge driven model وظيفه محققين پاسخ به رسالت اختصاصي و حرفه‌اي است كه توليد فزاينده دانش مي باشد. دانش بخودي خود داراي ارزش مي‌باشد. جامعه علمي خود توليد و ارزيابي علم مرتبط را برعهده دارد. نظام Peer review و كنترل توسط همكاران دانشگاهي مناسب بودن دانش را تضمين مي‌كند. KURC

Knowledge driven model دانش سخت (با كيفيت بالا)‌در جايي (بازار عرضه) قرار گيرد و بگذاريم تا نقش‌آفرين‌ها (سازمان‌ها و تصميم‌سازان) آن دانشي را كه مي‌بينند براي آن‌ها مناسب است را بدست آورند. در اِِين شکل نقش دانشگاه غير فعال است. KURC

Problem solving ارايه كنندگان خدمات سلامتي مشكلي را با محققين و يا خبرگان مطرح مي‌كنند و بدين‌صورت به حل مشكلات روز به روز خود مي‌پردازند. نقش قانوني نيازها و انتظارات ارايه كنندگان خدمات از جامعه علمي براي پاسخ‌گويي به مشكلات آن‌ها تاكيد دارد. دانش به خودي خود ارزش ندارد بلكه تنها استفاده از آن است كه اهميت پيدا مي‌كند. اين مدل مستلزم ارتباط و همكاري منطقي بين ارايه دهندگان خدمات و محققين است. KURC

Enlightenment model در دوره تجدد خواهي جهاني فايده اصلي توليد و انتشار دانش توسعه درك از دنياست. دانش نه به عنوان يك ابزار بلكه بيش‌تر به‌واسطه تغييري كه در فهم و شناخت هستي ايجاد مي‌كند اهميت دارد. افزايش تنوع و جريان دانش در جامعه، نهايتاً منجر به غناي تصميم‌ها و عملكردها مي‌گردد. انتقال دانش ساختارنيافته و غيررسمي مي‌باشد و در جوامع و ‌سازمان‌ها به صور غيرمنتظره و تصادفي روي مي‌دهد. ارتباط بين علم و عمل تصادفي بوده و بايستي باقي بماند، چرا كه فايده دانش در خود آن مستند است و نياز به نشان دادن تجربي استفاده از دانش در جوامع و سازمان‌ها وجود ندارد. دانش يك سرمايه فرهنگي است، نه ابزاري براي حل مسايل روزانه‌اي كه پيش مي‌آيند. KURC

Strategic model دانش يكي از منابعي است كه بايستي همانند ساير نقش‌آفرين‌ها گردآوري، رد و بدل و يا مورد استفاده قرار گيرد. در شكل شديدتر،‌ دانش ويژگي خاصي ندارد و در نتيجه به خودي خود ارزش‌مند نمي‌باشد و تنها زماني كه ساير بسترهاي اجتماعي و سازماني فراهم باشد مي‌تواند ارزش افزوده خود را بارز كند. تحولات اجتماعي بسيار غير قابل پيش‌بيني مي‌باشند. متعاقب هر يك از آن‌ها زمينه براي بهره‌برداري از دانش به صوري مي‌تواند فراهم شود كه به شدت متاثر از سياست‌گذاران كلان است. توجه به اين زمينه‌ها مورد توجه مدل راهبردي است. KURC

Strategic model دانش الزاماً در تاثيرگذاري بر موضوعات و پي‌آمدها ناتوان نيست. بلكه در اين مدل راه منطقي براي به حركت وا داشتن بهره‌برداري از دانش، اهميت دادن به كساني است كه بايستي رهبري نقش‌آفريني محققين را در توسعه اجتماعي و سازماني انجام دهند. KURC

Interactive or Deliberative model دانش نوين ارزشمند است ولي کامل نيست. توليد متفقانه دانش توسط محققين و ذينفعان و اشتراک آنان. همکاري از بالا به پايين نيست. از آن جايي که دانش سازه اي است اجتماعي، تعاملات اجتماعي و با کنکاش عمومي اعتبار مي يابد. دانش سرمايه اصلي براي توسعه فردي و اجتماعي است. KURC

15 /26

مدل هاي بهره برداري از دانش مدل منبعث از دانشKnowledge driven، مدل حل مسئله Problem solving، مدل روشن‌فكرانه Enlightenment، مدل راهبردي Strategic، مدل كنكاش‌گرانه يا تعاملي Interactive or Deliberative . KURC

Networking KURC

KURC

KURC

TUMS-KTE group 20/26

Budget and facilities for KT activities Having knowledge networks Promotion criteria Relation between the research organizations and decision making organization Budget and facilities for KT activities Having knowledge networks 21/26 TUMS-KTE group

MODE 1 and MODE 2 research producer organizations 1. Objective of research activities Advancement in knowledge Problem solving 2. Basis for formation of groups Inter-disciplinary Mono-disciplinary 3. Responsible for evaluation With participation of non-university bodies By producers, exclusively (Albert, 1999) 22/26

Cochrane Collaboration Guideline development agencies   Guideline development agencies Health Technology Assessment agencies Evidence -Informed Policy Network (EVIPnet) 23/26 TUMS-KTE group

Growth of output in selected countries in the region Source: National Science Indicators, 1981-2005 – standard version

To what extent are humans (still) humans? (100m in 10.75 sec., Sydney, 2000)