With water up to the neck!

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Presentation transcript:

With water up to the neck!

Alejandro Ayala, Mauricio Martínez, Guy Paic, Genaro Toledo Proton to Pion Ratio at RHIC: Toward a dynamical picture of parton recombination Alejandro Ayala, Mauricio Martínez, Guy Paic, Genaro Toledo

Outline Baryon puzzle at RHIC Static Quark Recombination + Fragmentation String Flip Model: Dynamical Quark Recombination Perspectives

PHENIX proton to pion ratios Open points are for neutral  Filled points are for charged 

Facts from RHIC Strong suppression of pion and kaon (meson) at pT > 2 GeV when comparing central to peripheral collisions. Emission of protons and antiprotons does not appear to be similarly suppressed. P/π ratio reaches or even exceeds 1 for pT > 2 GeV. Jet quenching is not the mechanism because the fragmenting partons don’t lose energy in a different manner when forming mesons and baryons.

Why Puzzle? For PT > 2 GeV in Au+Au Collisions there is a large amount of barions compared to mesons. If hadrons were created by fragmenting partons, it would be easier to produce mesons than baryons!

Static Recombination+Fragmentation Basic assumptions: At low pt, the quark and antiquark spectra are thermal. These recombine into hadrons locally “at an instant”: At high pt, the parton spectrum is given by a pQCD power law, partons suffer jet energy loss and hadrons are formed via fragmentation of quarks and gluons

RECOMBINATION: Choose a hypersurface Σ for hadronization w(r,p): single particle Wigner function for quarks at hadronization x, x’ & (1-x): momentum fractions carried by quarks integrate out transverse degrees of freedom

Recombination+Fragmentation

R. J. Fries, B. Muller, C. Nonaka, S. A. Bass Phys. Rev. Lett At intermediate PT baryon to meson ratio depends only on ratio of degeneracy factors

Modifications to Recombination model Greco, Ko, and Levai : Add coalescence of parton minijets and thermal partons Hwa and Yang: Consider the effects from minijets and thermal soft partons in the thermal spectrum

But… The process of hadronization is intantaneous. The model doesn’t satisfy the relation of the inverse slope parameter: In the assumptions of the model, the four-momentum of the hadron is the sum of the four-momentum of the constituent quarks, but constituent quark masses are used.

Dynamical Recombination We propose an alternative statistical model in which the evolution of the system with collision density is considered and the hadronization is not instantaneous.

Dynamical Recombination Finite interval in temperature for phase transition from Lattice QCD.

Assumptions At low densities, system of quarks described as isolated hadrons. At high densities, system becomes a free Fermi gas. The phase transition of the system occurs at finite interval of temperatures.

Statistical Model In general, the statistical models obtain the spectrum of the produced particles by: The proportionality is given by the degeneracy factor.

Dynamical Recombianation Incorporate probability of forming a given hadron with proper time from an initial evolution The information of the probability function P(τ) comes from MonteCarlo simulations using the string-flip model.

Many Body Potential Gluonic Fluxes produce the minimal energy configuration in the system. Color selection form color singlets.

Variational Wave Function

Energy minimization

Variational parameter as a function of energy density

Percentage of clusters of 3 quarks as a function of energy density

Perspectives To give an dynamical mechanism for formation of mesons vs baryons Implement this model to obtain the baryon/meson ratio and specifically p/π ratio.

Monte Carlo Simulation