MINDSTRETCHER/CATALYST What are the 2 main differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? What is an organelle? Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles, which prokaryotic cells lack. A small structure found within a cell that carries out a specific task.
Eukaryotic Cells Contains a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. There are two main types of Eukaryotic cells: plants and animals. Today, we will be talking about the organelles that are found in eukaryotic cells.
Organelles A small structure within a eukaryotic cell (plant or animal) that has a particular job or function.
Nucleus Function: Controls cell processes; Contains genetic material (DNA) Type of cell/location: Only Eukaryotic cells have them Nucleolus: dense region where tiny organelles essential for making proteins are assembled
Endoplasmic Reticulum Function: Specializes in the synthesis & transport of lipids and membrane proteins; Rough ER has ribosomes (makes PROTEIN) Smooth ER lacks ribosomes (make LIPIDS) *Synthesis= to make or produce Type of Cell/Location: Eukaryotic cells only, touching the nucleus City Metaphor: Highway/Interstate
Endoplasmic Reticulum: Cell Type All Eukaryotic cells (plant and animal)
Ribosome Function: link amino acids to make proteins Type of cell/location: all cells/in the cytoplasm or on the ER City Metaphor: lumber or brickyard
Golgi Bodies Function: Where proteins are packaged and sent out or exported from the cell. Type of Cell/Location: eukaryotic cells/in the cytoplasm City Metaphor: post office or UPS aka Golgi Apparatus
Golgi: Cell Type/Picture All Eukaryotic cells (PLANT AND ANIMAL)
Vacuole Function: fluid filled sacs used as a storage site for food and water Type of Cell/Location: all eukaryotic cells; much larger in plant cells than in animal cells City Metaphor: warehouses or water towers
Vacuole: Cell Type/Picture All Eukaryotic cells (PLANT AND ANIMAL) Plant= large Animal=small, contractile
Lysosomes Function: Contains digestive enzymes; Breaks down large molecules and wastes inside the cell Type of Cell/Location: all eukaryotic cells, in the cytoplasm City Metaphor: garbage collection team/waste management
Lysosome: Cell Type/Picture All Eukaryotic cells (PLANT AND ANIMAL)
Mitochondria Function: Power house of the cell ;the site where energy is released from glucose in the form of ATP We will learn more about this next unit! Type of Cell/Location: all eukaryotic cells/ cytoplasm City Metaphor: energy plants
Mitochondria: Cell Type/Picture All Eukaryotic cells (PLANT AND ANIMAL)
Cytoskeleton Function: helps maintain the cell’s shape; transports organelles; assists in cell division and movement Cell Type/Location: All Eukaryotic cells City Metaphor: underground support system
Vesicle Function: membrane bound sacs that hold and transport materials Type of cell/location: all cells/in the cytoplasm
Centrioles Function: tubes found in the centromeres, help DNA divide Type of cell/location: all cells/in the cytoplasm
Cell Wall Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts. A cell wall provides rigid support.
Chloroplast Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts.. Chloroplasts convert solar energy to chemical energy.