Phrases and Clauses Notes C. Putnam L. Raney

What is the difference between a clause and a phrase? Clause – a group of words that have a subject and a verb Phrase – a noun, verb, or preposition with all its modifiers - does __NOT_____ have a subject and verb

3 Types of Phrases Noun phrases Verb phrases Prepositional phrases

Noun Phrase: includes a noun ---with all its modifiers Example: The frustrated, irritated teachers... Noun: teachers Modifiers: the, frustrated, irritated

Verb Phrase includes a verb with all of its modifiers EXAMPLE: …completely frightened the seventh grade students. Verb - frightened Modifier - completely …would like to improve her grammar skills. Verb phrase - ____________________________________

Prepositional Phrase preposition - in Starts with the preposition, is the object of the preposition, and all its modifiers Example: The frustrated, irritated teachers enrolled in Mr. Ruff’s “ Grammar for Dummies” class. preposition - in object of the preposition - class modifiers – Mr. Ruff’s, “Grammar for Dummies”

CLAUSES Definition: Words that contain a subject and a verb Two types of clauses: Independent Clause Dependent Clause

Independent Clause An independent clause MUST HAVE a subject and a verb and can stand alone. Another word for independent clause is ______________________________ Example: The frustrated, irritated teachers finally understood the basic grammar concepts. They are a complete thought.

Dependent Clause Has a subject and verb, but the words CANNOT stand alone as a complete sentence. also known as _______________________ Examples: since the teachers seek proficiency in grammar which sheltered the children from the storm