Unit 7: The New South SS8H7 Evaluate key political, social, and economic changes that occurred in Georgia during the New South Era. a. Identify the ways individuals, groups, and events attempted to shape the New South; include the Bourbon Triumvirate, Henry Grady, International Cotton Expositions, and Tom Watson and the Populists..

January 3, 2018 Agenda Message: Frayer Model due; January 9th Unit 7 Test January 18th

H.O.T.S. (Higher Order Thinking Skills) According to the Charter of 1732, Georgia’s was created for which 3 purposes? Who owed a trading post store and served as the translator for Oglethorpe in his discussions with Chief Tomochichi? Which crop were the colonists of Georgia expected to grow in order to feed silkworms? Who controlled Georgia after it became a royal colony? Who was the first royal governor of Georgia?

Answers 1. a. Charity – relief for debtors and the “worthy” poor (humanitarian effort) B. Economics (money) – a self-supporting colony that would provide cheap natural resources for Britain C. Defense - protection between FL and Charleston; easy to defend because of geography 2. John & Mary Musgrove Mulberry trees and grapes Royal Governors John Reynolds

The First Five Due January 8th (Notebook Check) Agenda Message: Use your class notes to answer the following homework questions… Write question then answer on separate sheet of paper. Notebook check 01/ 08/18 1. What was so new about the New South? 2. What attracted Northern investors and businessmen to the South? 3. Why did some people not accept the idea of a New South? 4. Why did some Georgians want to keep Georgia rural and keep its economy agricultural?

The New South Movement Time period from 1877-1919 The New South Movement required 3 changes: Expand industries (factories/businesses) Rely less on cash crops (cotton) Grow more food crops Diversification = adding more industry + more crops. Making money on more than just cotton.

The New South Movement Few Southerners had enough money to start new industries. However, Northern banks and businessmen did have money to invest in the South. The South had great potential = Abundant natural resources and raw materials (timber, coal, iron ore, & cotton) + Cheap labor + a good year-round climate.

The New South Movement Georgians who opposed the New South movement did not want: Larger cities Capitalism Mass production Anything to do with modernizing the South They wanted to keep Georgia rural and agricultural. (1)

Unit 7: The New South SS8H7 Evaluate key political, social, and economic changes that occurred in Georgia during the New South Era. a. Identify the ways individuals, groups, and events attempted to shape the New South; include the Bourbon Triumvirate, Henry Grady, International Cotton Expositions, and Tom Watson and the Populists..

January 4, 2018 Agenda Message: Frayer Model due; January 9th Vocabulary and information Quiz 1/11 Unit 7 Test January 18th

The Bourbon Triumvirate Democrats controlled Georgia in the decades following Reconstruction. Their opponents called them “Bourbons,” a term that referred to a royal French family that never learned from the past, but also never forgot the past. Three men controlled the governor’s office and Georgia’s two Senate seats from 1876 to 1890: Joseph E. Brown, Alfred B. Colquitt, and John B. Gordon. They became known as the Bourbon Triumvirate (a group of three in authority). The Bourbon Triumvirate controlled Georgia. They supported “Lost Cause” ideas (maintaining white supremacy and pre-Civil War states’ rights), but also supported business, the railroads, and other “New South” issues. Their goal was to lower taxes. Republicans joined with Independent voters in trying to defeat the Democrats.

Bourbon Triumvirate (key points) Joseph E. Brown, Alfred Colquitt, and John B. Gordon were all past governors of Georgia that dominated politics for over 20 years. They were called the Bourbon Triumvirate. These 3 leaders wanted: Stronger relationships with industries in the North to expand Georgia’s economy. Had a common interest in developing the railroad and mining industries in Georgia. White supremacy (the belief that the white is superior to other racial groups) Lowering taxes, few government services, and took advantage of the convict release program.

Bourbon Triumvirate Joseph E. Brown Alfred Colquitt John B. Gordon Terms as state governor Joseph E. Brown 1857-1865 Alfred Colquitt 1876-1882 John B. Gordon 1886-1890

H.O.T.S. (Higher Order Thinking Skills) 1. List and explain the 4 Prehistoric Indian Periods in chronological order. 2. Explain the meaning of God, Gold, & Glory. 3. Who is known as the “Founding Father” of Georgia? 4. What is the highest mountain peak in Georgia?

God: To spread Christianity to more people. 1. Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, Mississippian 2. God: To spread Christianity to more people. Gold: To find riches (Gold, silver, precious stones, & exotic trinkets). Glory: To become historically famous and to add more territory to their kingdom. 3. James Oglethorpe 4. Brasstown Bald

H.O.T.S. (Higher Order Thinking Skills) 5. Who was not a member of the Bourbon Triumvirates? Henry Grady John Gordon Joseph Brown Alfred Colquitt 6. The Bourbon Triumvirate believed in a) economic assistance for the poor. b) lower taxes. c) expansion of educational opportunities. d) improving work conditions.

Agenda Message: What are three present day businesses that were established in the 1800s? Think about businesses that you see in your community or businesses that advertise on television, in magazines or newspapers, and or on the Internet. Use your technology to solve. Western Union Wells Fargo Bank Kellogg Company Tiffany & Company Levi Strauss & Company R.H. Macy’s Department Stores Hershey Company Kroger Grocer Coca-Cola Sears, Roebuck, & Company Kodak Barnes & Noble Bookstore

Henry Grady http://www.gpb.org/georgiastories/story/henry_grady Known as the “Voice of the New South” Editor of the Atlanta Constitution newspaper Grady traveled the USA informing people of the New South: Industry, diversified farming, and better treatment of African Americans. He was able to attract new businesses, jobs, and investments to the state of Georgia from 1880-1889. (1)(4)

Henry Grady Did you know the following places were named in honor of Henry Grady? Grady county was created in 1905. Grady Hospital was opened on June 1, 1892

International Cotton Exposition STOP Held in Atlanta in 1881, 1885, and 1895. Similar to the World’s Fair. They were held to promote Atlanta’s rebuilding from the Civil War, its industrial capabilities and accomplishments, and to lure northern investments into the city and region. At the 6,000 exhibits of the exposition, visitors saw new machinery and learned how cotton was made into marketable products. Promoted by Henry Grady.

Unit 7: The New South SS8H7 Evaluate key political, social, and economic changes that occurred in Georgia during the New South Era. a. Identify the ways individuals, groups, and events attempted to shape the New South; include the Bourbon Triumvirate, Henry Grady, International Cotton Expositions, and Tom Watson and the Populists..

January 5, 2018 Agenda Message: Frayer Model due; January 9th Vocabulary and information Quiz 1/11 Unit 7 Test January 18th

The First Five January 5, 2018 HOTS 7. Which statement BEST explains why the term Bourbon Triumvirate was most appropriate for Joseph E. Brown, Alfred Colquitt, and John Gordon? They shared a strong belief in white supremacy. They ruled Georgia consecutively for a period of over 30 years as governors. They were political rulers drawn together by power and political goals. D. They were known for excessive business practices and high profit motives.

Tom Watson & the Populists Small farmers, sharecroppers, blacks, and poor whites wanted a political party that would fight for their rights. The Populist Party was created to cater to their needs. This political party was known as “the people’s party.” Tom Watson was the leader of the Populist Party. While serving in the U.S. House of Representatives, he was able to get the Rural Free Delivery (RFD) bill passed into law. The RFD law requires the post office to deliver mail to rural homes free of charge.

Tom Watson & the Populists Tom Watson & the Populist Party threatened the Democratic Party’s control in Georgia. Therefore, the Democrats were pleased when he lost several elections from 1892-1919. In 1920, Tom Watson was elected to the U.S. Senate, because he had changed his views and no longer supported the rights of blacks, Catholics, and Jews. However shortly after he was elected he passed away in 1922. His seat was then given to Rebecca Latimer Felton. http://www.gpb.org/georgiastories/stories/thomas_watson

Rebecca Latimer Felton She was the 1st woman to serve in the U.S. Senate. She campaigned for the following causes: Anti-lynching Prohibition (banning of alcohol) Suffrage (women’s right to vote) Anti-smoking Anti-drinking of Coca-Cola Child care Compulsory school attendance Admission of women to UGA http://www.gpb.org/georgiastories/stories/rebecca_latimer_felton

3-2-1 Response STOP Gallopade What were 3 changes that were necessary for the New South Movement to take place? What were the 2 changes that Henry Grady traveled the USA encouraging southerners to do in the 1880s? What is 1 thing that was named in honor of Henry Grady in Georgia? STOP Gallopade

Unit 7: The New South SS8H7 Evaluate key political, social, and economic changes that occurred in Georgia during the New South Era. b. Analyze how rights were denied to African Americans or Blacks through Jim Crow laws, Plessy v. Ferguson, disenfranchisement, and racial violence, including the 1906 Atlanta Riot. c. Explain the roles of Booker T. Washington, W. E. B. DuBois, and Alonzo Herndon in advancement of the rights of African Americans or Blacks in the New South Era

The First Five January 8, 2018 Agenda Message: Frayer due Tomorrow!!! The New South Quiz 01/12/017 Unit 7 Test 01/18/2018 Warm-up: CRCT Review List and explain each of the five geographic regions of Georgia. Map Activity

HOTS 8. Political leaders who dominated Georgia after Reconstruction, supported new industry and white supremacy were called what? Radical Republicans B. Populists C. Bourbon Triumvirate D. Alliance Democrats

HOTS 9. The main purpose of the International Cotton Exposition that was held in Atlanta was to…? Showcase the industries of the New South. B. Get ideas from foreign countries. Showcase the cotton gin. D. Bring visitors to Atlanta

Segregation & Discrimination Southern whites (Democratic Party from 1880s-1910s) wanted to keep African Americans from having political rights. People feared African Americans would rule Georgia politics and gain social equality. Different strategies were used to disenfranchise or deprive black men of their right to vote.

Plessey vs, Ferguson https://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/view/assetGuid/82b11485-bba5-439a-abf4-a0e70928e14c The landmark court case, Plessy v. Ferguson. On June 7, 1892, Homer Plessy was arrested in Louisiana for sitting in the “Whites Only” section of a railcar. In this planned protest, Plessy, who was 1/8th black and “could pass for white” identified himself as a black man. This orchestrated event was planned by the “Committee of Citizens,” a group of well- educated African-Americans who wanted to test Louisiana’s segregation laws. The case went all the way to the U. S. Supreme Court, where the court ruled in favor of Louisiana, based on the “separate but equal” doctrine. The court determined that under the Constitution (14th and 15th Amendments) Blacks had political rights, but social rights were not required. According to the court, as long as facilities were equal for both races they could be separate.

Disenfranchisement By 1908, Georgia used ways to prevent African American men from voting: Poll Tax = fee paid before a person could vote. Literacy Test = test to see if people could read and understand the Constitution. Grandfather Clause = a new law that said a man could vote if a man’s father or grandfather could have voted in a Georgia election before 1867. White Primary = elections only white men could vote in.

Jim Crow Laws Southern states passed Jim Crow Laws to separate the races. It segregated public places (restaurants, trains, water fountains, schools, hospitals, theaters, pools, etc.). In 1896, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Plessy vs. Ferguson that separate but equal facilities were not unconstitutional.

Alonzo Herndon http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=alMl2Nj7Abw From 1883 to 1927, he was the wealthiest African American in the USA Owned the Crystal Palace Barbershop on Peachtree Street in Atlanta Created & owned the Atlanta Life Insurance Company-still open today in 17 states.

How does discrimination and segregation differ from each other? In Your Own WORDS!!!! How does discrimination and segregation differ from each other?

Black Leadership in the New South W.E.B DuBois Disagreed with Booker T. Washington Believed African Americans deserved equal access to political, social, & economic worlds of the South. Education = Success; Talented Tenth Atlanta University Professor Booker T. Washington Encouraged African Americans to learn trade skills. Gave a speech at 1895 Cotton Exposition. “The Atlanta Compromise Speech” It urged African Americans to focus on economic improvements as opposed to political and social rights. Skills = job = Economic Strength Created Tuskegee Institute in Alabama

Atlanta Race Riot of 1906 In September 1906, both The Atlanta Journal & The Atlanta Constitution newspapers reported several attacks on white women. These reports set off a race riot. Angry white mobs of men went to African American neighborhoods in Atlanta, attacking people, destroying homes, and burning down black owned businesses. There were reports that 15-30 African Americans were killed. http://www.troup.k12.ga.us/userfiles/929/my%20files/social%20studies/8ss/n ew_south_ww1/new_south_ww1_resources_schoolpointe.pdf?id=21520

Leo Frank Case http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JYNeAJPMX58 Who do you think murdered Mary Phagen? List 5 facts from the video clip.

Leo Frank Case Details Antisemitism (hatred toward Jews) had also become a cause of conflict in the early 1900s. • In 1913, a 13-year-old factory worker, Mary Phagan, was murdered while at work in Atlanta. The factory superintendent, a Jewish man named Leo Frank, was accused of the murder.

Despite conflicting testimony and clear, falsified evidence, Frank was convicted and sentenced to death. Two years later, Frank was kidnapped from his jail cell and hanged by a mob.

Ticket out the Door: 5Ws Who was Tom Watson? Where was he from? What was the Populist Movement? When did he become a U.S. Senator? Why did he no longer want blacks to vote for him?