2016 Prioritized Research Gaps – PTSD Conduct head-to-head comparative effectiveness trials for PTSD that include better controls Conduct well-controlled trials to examine integrated approaches to care for PTSD patients with multi-morbidity and psychosocial complexities Examine the efficacy or effectiveness of combined treatment components for PTSD Determine how sex and racial differences impact on prevalence of PTSD and impact on treatment Examine efficacy of novel pharmacotherapies for PTSD based on emerging basic science Conduct research to evaluate the effectiveness of widely-used PTSD treatment programs with inconsistent or limited evidence Improve understanding of possible PTSD biomarkers, taking into account limitations in specificity, or predisposing or environmental factors such as early childhood trauma Conduct research to improve implementation, delivery, and reach of tele- and mobile health interventions for PTSD in the AD population Conduct well controlled trials for mindfulness based approaches for PTSD Conduct well controlled trials on non-standard psychological treatments for PTSD

2016 Prioritized Research Gaps – Depression Conduct head-to-head comparative effectiveness trials for depression that include better controls Determine how sex and racial differences impact prevalence of depression and impact on treatment Conduct research to evaluate the effectiveness of widely-used depression treatment programs with inconsistent or limited evidence Conduct research to examine the best approach for delivering repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for treatment-resistant depression in the military Conduct research to improve implementation, delivery, and reach of tele- and mobile health interventions for depression in the AD population Examine benefits and weaknesses of interventions for depression with a limited evidence base being used in the health care system