The Purposes of Education Chapter 13 The Purposes of Education Viewing recommendations for Windows: Use the Arial TrueType font and set your screen area to at least 800 by 600 pixels with Colors set to Hi Color (16 bit). Viewing recommendations for Macintosh: Use the Arial TrueType font and set your monitor resolution to at least 800 by 600 pixels with Color Depth set to thousands of colors

Forces That Influence Educational Goals Society Shifts in economy, family trends, media, changing social mores Knowledge Discoveries, new developments in science, technology, new organizations of fields of study Learners Changing beliefs about learning processes or the nature of learners Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company

Goals Objectives Set broad, general direction or aims Cannot be directly observed Set at national, state, and district levels, becoming more specific as they become more local Objectives Describe specific endpoint or outcome Often measurable in students’ behavior Set at subject or grade level, unit plan level, and lesson plan level, becoming more specific for smaller units of instruction Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company

Four Fundamental Questions for Creating School Goals What educational purposes should the school seek to attain? What educational experiences can we provide to help attain these purposes? How can these educational experiences be effectively organized? How can we determine whether (and to what extent) the purposes have been attained? Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company

History of Educational Goals Before 1900s Mental Discipline Approach 1910s to 1950s Whole Child Concept 1950s Sputnik era emphasis on math, science, languages, gifted and talented 1960s to 1980s Focus on disadvantaged children 1990s to 2000s Emphasis on accountability Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company

Common Elements of National Reports Urgent Need for Excellence Calls for Stronger Core Curriculum Improve Students’ Technology Skills Stress High-Level Cognitive Skills Implement Tougher Requirements Worries that Schools Play Too Many Roles Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company