Aim: Photosynthesis November 12, 2015 Warm-up: How could you teach photosynthesis to others? HW: Photosynthesis Regents Questions 2006-2007
Plants are energy producers Like animals, plants need energy to live Plants don’t need to eat food to make that energy PLANTS are PRODUCERS
How do plants make energy & food? Plants use the energy from the sun to make: ATP energy Sugars SUN ATP sugars
Photosynthesis → glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide sun energy USES: Sun’s energy to make ATP CO2 & water to make sugar OCCURS in CHLOROPLASTS WASTE PRODUCT oxygen (O2) (ATP) = used to build the sugar → glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide sun energy + water + CO2 H2O C6H12O6 6O2 sun energy → +
Structure of a Chloroplast 1. Thylakoids – flattened disks containing chlorophyll 2. Grana – a stack of thylakoids 3. Stroma – the space between grana
What do plants need to grow? The “factory” for making energy & sugars chloroplast Fuels sunlight carbon dioxide water The Helpers enzymes Make ATP! Make sugar! I can do it all… And no one even notices! sun CO2 ATP enzymes H2O sugars
So what does a plant need? Bring In light CO2 H2O Let Out O2 Move Around sugars leaves shoot roots 6CO2 6H2O C6H12O6 6O2 light energy → +
Leaf Structure xylem (water) phloem (sugar) cuticle epidermis palisades layer spongy layer stomate guard cells
Function of Leaf Structures Cuticle waxy coating reduces water loss Epidermis skin protecting leaf tissues Palisades layer high concentration of chloroplasts collecting sun’s energy photosynthesis Spongy layer air spaces gas exchange
Stomates & Guard Cells guard cell stomate Function of STOMATES: CO2 in O2 out H2O out Function of GUARD CELLS: open & close stomates guard cell stomate
Transpiration Water evaporates from the stomates in the leaves pulls water up from roots more water is pulled up tree from ground
Do not contain chloroplasts Xylem carry water up from roots Do not contain chloroplasts
Phloem: food-conducting cells carry sugars around the plant wherever they are needed
sun CO2 PLANT LIPIDS ATP H2O enzymes O2 sugars