Sports Medicine Thermal Modalities
Discussion Scenario A baseball pitcher iced his L shoulder after he finished pitching. After 20 minutes of icing, his shoulder had turned red and was cold to the touch. The bag of ice had started to melt. Describe the transfer of heat that occurred. Be prepared to share your answers with the class.
Objectives Identify the methods of thermal energy transmission Identify the factors that affect thermal energy transfer
Terminology Conduction: heat transfer that occurs when objects are in direct contact Convection: heat transfer that occurs through the movement of fluids or gases Conversion: heat transfer that occurs as energy is changed from one form to another Radiation: heat transfer that occurs through space from one object to another
Heat Transfer Principle Heat is always transferred from the warmer object to the colder object. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O3N9XyTkSBI
Conduction Heat transfer that occurs when objects are in direct contact with each other. Example: moist heat pack on a shoulder How is heat transferred in this example? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0_89LlSw2_g
Think-Pair-Share Think of 2 examples of how heat is transferred by conduction. Share your answers with a partner; listen while he/she shares. 3. Think-pair-share teacher presents a question teacher gives wait time for student to form answer teacher instructs students to share their answer with a partner teacher calls on non-volunteers to share with the class
Convection Convection is a method of heat transfer that occurs through the movement of fluids or gases. Example: an athlete’s ankle in a cold whirlpool How is heat transferred in the example? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oFRMvVNia00
Think-Pair-Share Think of 2 examples of how heat is transferred by convection. Share your answers with a partner; listen while he/she shares. 3. Think-pair-share teacher presents a question teacher gives wait time for student to form answer teacher instructs students to share their answer with a partner teacher calls on non-volunteers to share with the class
Conversion Conversion is a form of energy transfer that occurs when energy is generated from sound, electricity or chemical means and transferred into heat energy. Example: ultrasound application over an athlete’s quadriceps How is heat transferred in the example? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XsDc0spPS3w
Radiation Radiation occurs as heat is transferred from one object through space to another object. Example: shortwave diathermy treatment for an athlete’s back How is heat transferred in the example?
Factors influencing heat transfer The temperature difference between the two tissues. (Bigger differential leads to higher transfer of energy) The length of treatment time. (The longer the exposure, the greater the transfer) The conductive properties of the area. (Fat is an insulator and takes longer to heat/cool; muscle has a high water content and is a good conductor of heat/cold)