Monday, January 30, 2012 No HW; Test Friday, February 3, 2012 Warm Up – 1) If you use your fingernail to scratch a mineral, what property of the mineral are you testing? 2) If you rub a mineral against a tile to see the color of its powder, what property of the mineral are you testing?

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Definition A rock is a solid mixture of minerals and other materials. A mineral is a naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition. SNIFC

3 Types of Rocks Sedimentary rocks forms from particles from other rocks, or remains of plants and animals that are compacted and cemented together. Fossils are found in these rocks. Igneous rocks form when magma or lava cools. Metamorphic rocks form when a rock is changed by heat and pressure.

To identify a mineral: SNIFC it out! Solid Cannot be a liquid or a gas Naturally Occurring Found in nature, not man-made Inorganic Is not alive and never was, non-living (generally not made from Carbon) Fixed composition Has a chemical formula, most are formed from compounds of two or more elements, some minerals consist of one element ex. Au Crystal Form A definite structure in which atoms are arranged

Identifying Minerals Color Streak – color of a mineral’s powder Luster – way a mineral reflects light Density – mass per unit volume Hardness – uses a scratch test Crystal Systems Cleavage & Fracture – cleavage splits easily along flat surfaces; fracture breaks in a irregular way Special Properties – magnetism, fluorescence

Mineral 4) gemstone Rock 5) ore Crystal or polyhedron

5) Magnet 6) Luster 7) Streak Cleavage Hardness Fracture Crystal

Rock Cycle Animations http://www.learner.org/interactives/rockcycle/diagram.html http://www.phschool.com/atschool/phsciexp/active_art/rock_cycle/index.html http://www.quia.com/files/quia/users/stephene/ES56_match_2.swf http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/students/smithsonian_kids_collecting/Rocks.swf

BrainPOP: Mineral ID http://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/mineralidentification

BrainPOP: Rock Cycle http://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/rockcycle/

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