4.3 | Economy, Religion, and Intellect Europe West of Russia 4.3 | Economy, Religion, and Intellect

Economic Development [Origin] After Rome fell in 476 AD Economies were localized and agrarian There was regional trade based on the goods produced Some long distance trade: the Silk Road

Economic Development [Growth] By the time of the Renaissance Economies began to expand but were still agrarian Trade expanded to long distance New goods were made in the economy

Economic Development [Today] After 1945 (end of WWII) Economies became globalized In Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union they were communist China, Vietnam, and Cuba were also communist State control of the economy In Western Europe and the United States, they were capitalist Newly emerging countries chose from the two Economy regulated by supply, demand, and businesses

Religion Through Time [Origin] After Rome fell in 476 AD [origin] Europe was Roman Catholic By 700 AD, Islam had spread throughout parts of Europe In 1054 AD the Roman Catholic Church broke into two Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodox Divided on who Jesus was and who should rule on Earth

Religion Through Time [Growth] During the Renaissance The Catholic Church split again: the Reformation Roman Catholicism and Protestantism Divided on salvation: how to get to heaven

Religion Through Time [Today] Religion in Europe Is a cultural lifestyle and no longer a social demand Most Europeans say they are religious but church attendance is low Religious culture follows language culture Closer to Rome: more Catholic Further from Rome: more Protestant Closer to Moscow: more Eastern Orthodox

European Intellectual Contributions [Origin] After Rome fell in 476 AD Intelligence was tied to religion and the bible Mostly theological study in the monasteries The average person was not literate

European Intellectual Contributions [Growth] During the Renaissance around 1453 AD Intelligence was tied to classical learning More open and pragmatic, also skeptical The average person remained mostly illiterate The Enlightenment of the 1700s led to increased education More people were exposed to education Science at the forefront of learning Many inventions: the “Age of Discovery”

European Intellectual Contributions [Today] Education today is building block of modern society Education helps develop model citizens who can participate productively The European Union: efforts to cooperate and issues