Manner of Articulation
Manner of Articulation More broad places of articulation Labial Bilabial, labiodental
Manner of Articulation More broad places of articulation Labial Bilabial, labiodental Coronal Made with tip or body of tongue
Manner of Articulation More broad places of articulation Labial Bilabial, labiodental Coronal Made with tip or body of tongue Dorsal Made with back of tongue Velar, uvular
Continuant Continuant is a binary feature [+ -]
Continuant Continuant is a binary feature [+ -] [+ continuant] Air flow continues (isn’t blocked) through the mouth Everything BUT stops, affricates, nasals
Continuant Continuant is a binary feature [+ -] [+ continuant] Air flow continues (isn’t blocked) through oral cavity Everything BUT stops, affricates, nasals Includes taps and flaps and trills [- continuant] Air flow is blocked from flowing through the mouth Nasals, stops, affricates
Continuant Continuant is a binary feature [+ -] [+ continuant] Air flow continues (isn’t blocked) through oral cavity Everything BUT stops, affricates, nasals Includes taps and flaps and trills [- continuant] Air flow is blocked from flowing through the mouth Nasals, stops, affricates Doesn’t include taps and flaps
Continuant Continuant or not?
Continuant Continuant or not? [l]
Continuant Continuant or not? [l] [+cont]
Continuant Continuant or not? [l] [+cont] [ɵ]
Continuant Continuant or not? [l] [+cont] [ɵ] [+cont]
Continuant Continuant or not? [l] [+cont] [ɵ] [+cont] [ʦ]
Continuant Continuant or not? [l] [+cont] [ɵ] [+cont] [ʦ] [-cont]
Continuant Continuant or not? [l] [+cont] [ɵ] [+cont] [ʦ] [-cont]
Continuant Continuant or not? [l] [+cont] [ɵ] [+cont] [ʦ] [-cont] [ɱ]
Continuant Continuant or not? [l] [+cont] [ɵ] [+cont] [ʦ] [-cont]
Continuant Continuant or not? [l] [+cont] [ɵ] [+cont] [ʦ] [-cont] [ʙ]
Continuant Continuant or not? [l] [+cont] [ɵ] [+cont] [ʦ] [-cont]
Continuant Continuant or not? [l] [+cont] [ɵ] [+cont] [ʦ] [-cont] [k]
Continuant Continuant or not? [l] [+cont] [ɵ] [+cont] [ʦ] [-cont] [k] [-cont]
Sonorant Sonorant vs. obstruent [+sonorant] Nasals, tap, flap, trill, approximant, vowels Are usually voiced Are singable
Sonorant Sonorant vs. obstruent [+sonorant] Nasals, tap, flap, trill, approximant, vowels Are usually voiced Are singable [-sonorant] (meaning obstruent) Stop, fricative, affricate
Sonorant +Sonorant or -sonorant? [x]
Sonorant +Sonorant or -sonorant? [x] [-son]
Sonorant +Sonorant or -sonorant? [x] [-son] [ɣ]
Sonorant +Sonorant or -sonorant? [x] [-son] [ɣ] [-son]
Sonorant +Sonorant or -sonorant? [x] [-son] [ɣ] [-son] [ʘ]
Sonorant +Sonorant or -sonorant? [x] [-son] [ɣ] [-son] [ʘ] [-son]
Sonorant +Sonorant or -sonorant? [x] [-son] [ɣ] [-son] [ʘ] [-son] [ʤ]
Sonorant +Sonorant or -sonorant? [x] [-son] [ɣ] [-son] [ʘ] [-son]
Sonorant +Sonorant or -sonorant? [x] [-son] [ɣ] [-son] [ʘ] [-son] [ʊ]
Sonorant +Sonorant or -sonorant? [x] [-son] [ɣ] [-son] [ʘ] [-son]
Sonorant +Sonorant or -sonorant? [x] [-son] [ɣ] [-son] [ʘ] [-son] [w]
Sonorant +Sonorant or -sonorant? [x] [-son] [ɣ] [-son] [ʘ] [-son] [w] [+son]
Sonorant +Sonorant or -sonorant? [x] [-son] [ɣ] [-son] [ʘ] [-son] [w] [+son] [ŋ]
Sonorant +Sonorant or -sonorant? [x] [-son] [ɣ] [-son] [ʘ] [-son] [w] [+son] [ŋ] [+son]
Sonorant Fill in the table with + or - Phone Continuant Sonorant y + n v r ʓ ɾ l
Spanish Alternation between [b] ~ [ß] [d] ~ [ð] [g] ~ [ɣ]
Spanish Alternation between What feature do they differ in? [b] ~ [ß] [g] ~ [ɣ] What feature do they differ in?
Spanish Stops after pause, nasal Approximants after vowel, tap, fricative
Spanish Stops after pause, nasal Approximants after vowel, tap, fricative Vowel, tap, fricative are [+son] Nasals and pauses (?) are [-son]
Spanish Stops after pause, nasal Approximants after vowel, tap, fricative Vowel, tap, fricative are [+son] Nasals and pauses (?) are [-son] Could this be assimilation-spread of feature? X[-cont] C[+cont] > X[-cont] C[-cont] X[+cont] C[-cont] > X[+cont] C[+cont] or
Spanish Problem: laterals are [+cont] Continuant spread explains [alßa], [alɣo] Would predict **[balðe] not correct [balde]
Other features Don’t worry about [consonantal] [approximant]
Application
Application 1 stops ([-cont]) adopt voicing feature from following stop C[-cont, -voice] C[-cont, +voice] > C[-cont, +voice] C[-cont, +voice] C[-cont, +voice] C[-cont, +voice] > C[-cont, -voice] C[-cont, +voice]
Application 1 stops ([-cont]) adopt voicing feature from following stop C[-cont, -voice] C[-cont, +voice] > C[-cont, +voice] C[-cont, +voice] C[-cont, +voice] C[-cont, +voice] > C[-cont, -voice] C[-cont, +voice]
Application 2-3
[+/- lateral] Definition of lateral? Korean Where does [r] appear? Where does [l] appear?
[+/- lateral] Definition of lateral? Korean Where does [r] appear? Where does [l] appear? /l/ is [l] . . . /l/ is [r] . . . Difference between [r] and [l] is [lateral]
[+/- lateral] Definition of lateral? Korean Where does [r] appear? Where does [l] appear? /l/ is [l] . . . /l/ is [r] . . . Difference between [r] and [l] is [lateral] State process in terms of feature [lateral]
[+/- lateral] Definition of lateral? Korean Where does [r] appear? Where does [l] appear? /l/ is [l] . . . /l/ is [r] . . . Difference between [r] and [l] is [lateral] State process in terms of feature [lateral] /l/ > [-lateral] in the onset
[+/- lateral] Definition of lateral? Korean Where does [r] appear? Where does [l] appear? /l/ is [l] . . . /l/ is [r] . . . Difference between [r] and [l] is [lateral] State process in terms of feature [lateral] /l/ > [-lateral] in the onset Or /r/ > [+lateral] in the coda
[+/- lateral] Consider these data What is distribution of [l] and [ɾ]?
[+/- lateral] Consider these data What is distribution of [l] and [ɾ]? [ɾ] appears before high vowels [l] appear before non-high vowels
[+/- lateral] Consider these data What is distribution of [l] and [ɾ]? [ɾ] appears before high vowels [l] appear before non-high vowels Describe in terms of feature [lateral]
[+/- lateral] Consider these data What is distribution of [l] and [ɾ]? [ɾ] appears before high vowels [l] appear before non-high vowels Describe in terms of feature [lateral] /l/ is realized as [+lateral] before non-high vowels /l/ is realized as [-lateral] before high vowels