Faith's Comeback? The Demographic Revival of Religion in Western Europe Eric Kaufmann Birkbeck College, University of London

Decline of Liberal Protestants

Conclusion Northwest Europe (and probably all of western Europe) will likely be more religious in 2100 than in 2000 on current trends because: Secularisation rates have slowed dramatically, to the point of stalling Religious women have 10-20% higher fertility, all else equal Non-European immigrants are far more religious Muslim immigrants retain their religiosity

Religious people are more conservative, and more conservative people vote for right-wing parties, BUT immigrants vote for left-wing parties Thus much will depend on how parties – especially conservative ones - position their strategy vis a vis religious immigrants Ethnic cleavage (Europe) v Religious cleavage (USA)?