The Body

Skeletal System We know there are ____________ bones in you body BUT babies actually have __________________ bones

The Skeletal System The bones in your body are very much alive They don’t look like bones you’d see in a museum

Layers of Bones Periosteum(say: pare-ee-OSS-tee-um). It's a thin, dense membrane that contains nerves and blood vessels that nourish the bone. Compact bone. Smooth and very hard Cancellous (say: KAN-sell-us) bone Looks a bit like a sponge. Cancellous bone is not quite as hard as compact bone, but it is still very strong. In many bones, the cancellous bone protects the innermost part of the bone, the bone marrow. Bone marrow is sort of like a thick jelly, and its job is to make blood cells.

How do we Grow A baby's body has about 300 bones at birth. Some of a baby's bones are made entirely of a material called cartilage During childhood, as you are growing, the cartilage grows and is slowly replaced by bone, with help from calcium. About 25, this process will be complete. All of these bones make up a skeleton that is both very strong and very light. Average skeletal will weigh less than 20 lbs

Bone Marrow Spongy tissue inside some of the bones in the body, including the hip and thigh bones. Bone marrow contains immature cells, called stem cells. Many people with blood cancers, such as leukemia and lymphoma, sickle cell anemia, and other life-threatening diseases, rely on bone marrow to survive Bone marrow produces 200 billion new red blood cells every day, along with white blood cells and platelets.

Class Activity Learning the skeletal system Find the scientific name for the following bones SKULL JAW BONE NECK BONE COLLAR BONE SHOULDER BLADE BREAST BONE BACK BONE - UPPER ARM BONE - LOWER ARM BONE (THUMB SIDE) - LOWER ARM BONE (PINKY SIDE) - THIGH BONE - KNEE CAP - SHIN BONE - LOWER LEG BONE (SKINNY) *RIBS *PELVIS

Practice Labeling Bones http://www.abcya.com/skeletal_system.htm Click the link Label (Goal is to get in under 25 attempts) Assemble

Life Size Skeleton Grades on a scale of 1-3 for each category ALL MAJORS BONES ARE LABELED WITH SCIENTIFIC AND COMMON NAME HAVE A TOTAL OF 16 BONES LABELED BONES ARE ACCURATELY SIZED NEATNESS AND ORGANIZATION 12 PTS TOTAL

Researching diseases Sign up sheet DAY 1 Research Spend the day researching different types of disease, cancers, plagues, and epidemics At the end of the class a sign up sheet will go around Pick a topic that interests you. https://www.questia.com/library/science-and-technology/health-and- medicine/diseases-and-disorders http://www.who.int/topics/infectious_diseases/factsheets/en/ This site will help you get started on your research

Disease Research paper and presentation EVERYONE NEEDS to write their own Paper Your can work in pairs for the presentation Presentation options Poster or Online presentation (Power Point or GOOGLE DRIVE) Follow the outline for the paper and presentation

The Heart The heart is a muscular organ, which pumps blood through the blood vessels of the circulatory system Blood provides the body with oxygen and nutrients

The Heart

Superior Vena Cava Inferior Vena Cava Aorta Pulmonary Valve Tricuspid Valve Inferior Vena Cava

Heart Beats https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oHMmtqKgs50 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p1xEvCzsvTM Your Heart and Exercise Activity

What is Stress? Caused by: A physical or emotional change Change in your environment that requires you to adjust or respond. Things that make you feel stressed are called "stressors”

Physical Stressors

Emotional Stresses

Stress and the Body 1. Alarm Signal: Stressors are seen as a threat  Nerve signals are sent to your brain 2. Signal reaches amygdala (decision making/regulates emotion)  Amygdala alerts the hypothalamus (hormone production)

Stress and the body 3. Nervous system release adrenaline and the hypothalamus produces the stress hormone cortisol. Hormones travel through the body 4. Cortisol boosts blood sugar. Epinephrine makes the heart pound, increasing the oxygen flowing into major muscles. You’re primed for fight or flight.

Effects of Stress Headaches Tension headaches Heart Burn Increases the production of stomach acid Risk of Heart Attack HR and high bp damage arteries Increased depression Emotional wear down Insomnia Weak Immune System Long-term stress weakens immune system

Stress Relieving Videos https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JYSBQJ6gHEg Visually Satisfying https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1-UCWtiK-5w&t=477s ASMR

Stress Websites http://kidshealth.org/en/teens/stress.html Stress http://teenshealth.org/en/teens/school-stress.html School Stress https://classroom.kidshealth.org/9to12/problems/emotions/stress.pdf Stress Quiz