The Respiratory System

Function: The system of the body that deals with breathing The body takes in the oxygen that it needs and removes the carbon dioxide that it doesn’t

Breathing and Respiration are NOT the same thing!

Moving air in and out of the lungs Breathing Moving air in and out of the lungs Inhale and Exhale

Chemical reaction that releases energy Cellular Respiration Chemical reaction that releases energy

Parts of the System Nasal Passage way Trachea Lungs Diaphragm Nose, Pharynx, and larynx Trachea splits into bronchi bronchioles Lungs Bronchioles Alveoli Diaphragm

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/

Air Pathway Nose Main passageway Protects and Heats the air Pharynx Throat Food and Air pass through this Larynx Voice box

Air Pathway Trachea (windpipe): Rings of cartilage Mucus: traps foreign particles Cilia: hair-like structures that move the particles out

Air Pathway Bronchi Two branches Carry oxygen to each lung Bronchioles Many smaller tubes (<1mm diameter)

Air Pathway Alveoli surrounded by capillaries Grapelike structures Blood travels single file Grapelike structures Where gas exchange occurs Average adult's lungs contain about 600 million

The Diaphragm The muscle that controls the breathing process.

Inhalation Breathing in Body gets oxygen from the air Rib muscles contract to pull ribs up and out Diaphragm muscle contracts to pull down the lungs Tissue expands to force (pull) in air.

Exhalation Breathing out Get rid of carbon dioxide Rib muscles relax Diaphragm muscle relaxes Tissue returns to resting position and forces (pushes) air out

Respiratory Disorders Asthma Bronchioles narrow Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Serious form of pneumonia Emphysema Alveoli have been damages Lack of oxygen Lung Cancer

Smokers lungs Stuff in cigarettes

Average Lung Capacity Compare your results from the bubble lab 8th Grade Female 2.84 Liters 8th Grade Male 3.50 Liters Adult 4.50 Liters Well trained athlete 6.50 Liters