UNIT 3: The U.S.’s childhood and adolescent years.

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UNIT 3: The U.S.’s childhood and adolescent years. 1789 – U.S. Constitution goes into effect: U.S. is born.

Lingering Issues/Questions Facing the New Nation Slavery or no slavery? 2. How can we grow our economy? What role should the govt. play in the economy? 3 Who is a citizen? 4. Making sure the government runs smoothly.

Lingering Issues/Questions Facing the New Nation Slavery or no slavery? 2. How can we grow our economy? What role should the govt. play in the economy? 3 Who is a citizen? 4. Making sure the government runs smoothly.

? What did the Constitution have to say about slavery? In Article 1, Section 9, Congress is limited, expressly, from prohibiting the importation of slaves, before 1808. In Article 1, Section 2 - 3/5 Clause Determining the number of people in a state – slaves equal 3/5 of a person. ? No national law abolishing slavery. Individual states could abolish slavery and many did.

Free States and Slave States

International Slave Trade CLOSED Domestic Slave Trade GROWS

Lingering Issues/Questions Facing the New Nation Slavery or no slavery? 2. How can we grow our economy? What role should the govt. play in the economy? 3 Who is a citizen? 4. Making sure the government runs smoothly.

What does the Constitution say? According to Article I, Section 8, Congress has the power to: Clause 1: Collect taxes! Clause 2: Borrow money from other nations! Clause 3: Control trade! Clause 5: Make currency to be used between the states! (States cannot make/use their own currency!

Laissez-faire!!! Laissez-faire!!! I just want to retire! Laissez-faire!!! Laissez-faire!!! What if we increase the size of the U.S.? More land would help grow the economy sir!

What? People are allowed to change their minds! Louisiana Purchase - 1803 What? People are allowed to change their minds!

Louisiana Purchase (1803) MARKET REVOLUTION!!! YAY!!! During the 17th and 18th centuries, land was the principal means of production in America.

Lingering Issues/Questions Facing the New Nation Slavery or no slavery? 2. How can we grow our economy? What role should the govt. play in the economy? 3 Who is a citizen? 4. Making sure the government runs smoothly.

Preamble = We the People, in Order to form a more perfect union…secure the Blessings of Liberty…” WHAT PEOPLE?

“citizens of the states/nation” The Constitution identifies 3 populations of people: RIGHTS/FREEDOMS Guaranteed NO RIGHTS/FREEDOMS NO RIGHTS/FREEDOMS “citizens of the states/nation” Indians – members of independent tribes and not part of the nation “other persons” (slaves = 3/5 of a person) BUT WHAT ARE THE REQUIREMENTS FOR CITIZENSHIP

NO TRUE DEFINITION OF CITIZENSHIP The Constitution says…. NO TRUE DEFINITION OF CITIZENSHIP BUT… Because the young United States followed British common law, it accepted the rule of jus soli, or place of birth.

How does someone NOT BORN in the United States become a citizen? According to the Constitution – Congress has the power to… To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization Fancy word for the process by which someone not born in a country can become a citizen.

Naturalization Act of 1790 A child born in a foreign country is a citizen if the father was a citizen of the United States. Restricted the process of becoming a citizen from abroad to “free white persons” of “good moral character.”

Lingering Issues/Questions Facing the New Nation Slavery or no slavery? 2. How can we grow our economy? What role should the govt. play in the economy? 3 Who is a citizen? 4. Maintaining political harmony

Differences btwn these two men led to the first political parties! It’s PARTY time! Thomas Jefferson vs. Alexander Hamilton “Laissez-faire” (let-alone) Minimal government intervention Emphasis on agriculture Economic views Maximum Government Involvement Emphasis on manufacturing and trade Differences btwn these two men led to the first political parties!

Political parties played a key role in all subsequent presidential elections and revealed that the nation was more divided than united.