Latin 1 Mr. zboril | Milford PEP Chapter 2 Verbs, Vocabulary, and 1st Conjugation Mr. zboril | Milford PEP

Chapter 11 Third Conjugation and Prepositions Salvē Discipulī! Quid es? This Photo by Unknown Author is licnsed under CC BY-SA

Chapter 11 Prepositions We are already familiar with prepositions – just look at the ablative case. This case is used when following by, with, or from. Latin uses less prepositions than English since sometimes the preposition isn’t needed since the ending of the word already indicates a preposition. For example, the Ablative of Means, such as carrīs from the last test, translated to by means of carts, or with carts. Chapter 2 Verbs, Vocabulary, and 1st Conjugation

Chapter 11 Prepositions As you know, Latin involves many rules and memorization of things such as vocabulary and case endings. Prepositions also involve memorization. Latin learners need to memorize both what the preposition translates to and whether the object of the preposition takes the ablative or accusative case. Chapter 2 Verbs, Vocabulary, and 1st Conjugation

Chapter 11 Prepositions ad (+ acc.) – to toward, near, at ās, ab (+ abl.) – from, away from cum (+ abl.) – with dē (+ abl.) – down from, about, concerning ē, ex (+ abl.) – out of, from Chapter 2 Verbs, Vocabulary, and 1st Conjugation

Chapter 11 Prepositions in (+ acc) – into; in (+ abl) – in, on per (+ acc) – through prō (+ abl) – in front of, before sub (+ acc) – up to; (+ abl) under trāns (+ acc) – across Chapter 2 Verbs, Vocabulary, and 1st Conjugation

Chapter 11 Prepositions Latin learners need to memorize both what the preposition translates to and whether the object of the preposition takes the ablative or accusative case. The preposition ad must take an object in the accusative case. ad oppidum to the town ad rēgem to the king

Chapter 11 Prepositions The prepositions in and sub will take either the ablative or accusative cases depending on how they are being used. Iēsus in aquā ambulat. Jesus walks on water. Petrus in aquam ambulat. Peter walks into the water.

The Romans threw the tyrant out of the town. ex oppidō Chapter 11 Exercise 5 page 77 The Romans threw the tyrant out of the town. ex oppidō I will cook dinner with a friend. cum amīcō / amīcā With gratitude the people worship God. cum gratiā The boys are swimming in the river. in rivō

The army will keep the enemy away from the king. ā rēge Chapter 11 Exercise 5 page 77 The army will keep the enemy away from the king. ā rēge The soldiers quickly march toward the camp. ad castra

Chapter 11 Ablative of Accompaniment and Manner Ablative of Accompaniment: cum + ablative Cum sociō pugnō – I fight with an ally. Cum matrē ambulas – You walk with your mother Ablative of Manner: cum + ablative Cum gaudiō labōrat – He works with joy. magnā cum laude – with great praise

Chapter 11 Ablative of Separation and Place Where Ablative of Separation: ā, ab + ablative Oppidum ā malō rēge servābitis. You will save the town from the evil king. Ablative of Place Where: cum + ablative In viā ambulābāmus. We were walking in the road. Mīles prō rēge stat. The soldier stands before the king. āēīōū

Chapter 11 Ablative of Place from Which and to Which Ablative of Place from which: motion away from an object Populī ab oppidō festīnant. The people hurry from the town. Ablative of Place to which: motion toward an object Mīles ad ignem ambulat. The soldier walks toward the fire.

Chapter 11 Third Conjugation VERBS In English, a sentence is not complete without a verb. Same is true in Latin. Verbs are key in Latin. When translating Latin, look for the verb first. This will help you decipher the rest of the sentence. Chapter 2 Verbs, Vocabulary, and 1st Conjugation

Latin verbs contain how many principal parts Latin verbs contain how many principal parts? How do we recognize First Conjugation verbs? optō, optāre, optavi, optatum: to wish for, desire How do we recognize Second Conjugation verbs? videō, vidēre, vidī , vīsum: see Chapter 2 Verbs, Vocabulary, and 1st Conjugation

How do we recognize Third Conjugation verbs? mittō, mittere, mīsī, missum: to send gero, gerere, gessī, gestum: to wear The 2nd Principal Part ends in -ere Chapter 2 Verbs, Vocabulary, and 1st Conjugation 1st Conjugation 2nd Conjugation 3rd Conjugation -āre -ēre -ere

Third Conjugation Verbs – Present Tense Person Singular Plural 1st Person mittō mittimus I send we send 2nd Person mittis mittitis you send you all send 3rd Person mittit mittunt he – she – it sends they send Chapter 2 Verbs, Vocabulary, and 1st Conjugation

Third Conjugation Verbs – Present Tense Person Singular Plural 1st Person mittō mittimus I send we send 2nd Person mittis mittitis you send you all send 3rd Person mittit mittunt he – she – it sends they send Chapter 2 Verbs, Vocabulary, and 1st Conjugation mittō, mittere, mīsī , missum: to send mittere -re mitte will be our stem ….however…

Third Conjugation Verbs – Present Tense Third Conjugation is different from 1st and 2nd Conjugation. It uses the same personal endings, however the weak ‘e’ stem vowel becomes an ‘i’ or ‘u’ before the personal endings. Chapter 2 Verbs, Vocabulary, and 1st Conjugation

Third Conjugation Verbs – Present Tense Person Singular Plural 1st Person mittō mittimus I send we send 2nd Person mittis mittitis you send you all send 3rd Person mittit mittunt he – she – it sends they send Chapter 2 Verbs, Vocabulary, and 1st Conjugation mittō, mittere, mīsī , missum: to send

Chapter 11 Prepositions and 3rd Conjugation Any questions? This Photo by Unknown Author is licnsed under CC BY-SA