ABO Blood Type: An Example of Genetic Variation

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Hoover High School Mr.Plazaks Biology : Write an answer here What is the sequence of an RNA molecule produced from transcription of the following DNA.

Advertisements

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings M I C R O B I O L O G Y a n i n t r o d u c t i o n ninth edition TORTORA  FUNKE.

Do Now:.  TRANSCRIPTION: process that makes an RNA copy of DNA.  RNA is single-stranded, and T is replaced by U (A-U; G-C)  RNA polymerase makes RNA,

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Chemistry of Hormones  Two mechanisms in which hormones act:  Direct gene.

DNA Replication When a cell or organism reproduces, a complete set of genetic instructions must pass from one generation to the next.

Chromosomes carry genetic information

Protein Synthesis Ordinary Level. Lesson Objectives At the end of this lesson you should be able to 1.Outline the steps in protein synthesis 2.Understand.

RNA and Protein Synthesis

Translation (Protein Synthesis) RNA  protein. Making a protein Many RNAs needed –mRNA, tRNA, rRNA.

Genes as DNA: How Genes Encode Proteins

Central Dogma of Molecular Biology From Genes to Protein

Copyright © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.  When DNA is transcribed, the result is an RNA molecule.  RNA is then translated into a sequence.

CHAPTER 10 Protein Synthesis

5. Point mutations can affect protein structure and function

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings The Genetic Code The genetic code is the set of rules relating nucleotide.

The Genetic Code.

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Unit 4 Proteins Transcription (DNA to mRNA) Translation (mRNA to tRNA.

RNA and Protein Synthesis

Protein Synthesis Occurs in 2 steps – Step 1: Transcription Taking DNA and transcribing it into RNA – Step 2: Translation Taking RNA and translating it.

12-3 RNA and Protein Synthesis

Mutations are changes in the genetic material of a cell or virus

THE FLOW OF GENETIC INFORMATION FROM DNA TO RNA TO PROTEIN

Human Anatomy & Physiology FIFTH EDITION Elaine N. Marieb PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by Vince Austin Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.

Do Now: On the “Modeling DNA Transcription & Translation” handout, figure out the compimentary DNA sequence AND the mRNA sequence.

Protein synthesis Lesson 6 GCSE Triple Science Module 14.

Molecular Genetics Protein Synthesis Overview. The Central Dogma DNA contains the blueprint for protein synthesis, but proteins are synthesized outside.

Biochemistry: Chemicals of Life Slide 2.21 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Organic compounds Contain carbon Most.

Genetics Review Honors Human Anatomy & Physiology Mr. Mazza

Do Now: On the “Modeling DNA” handout, determine the complimentary DNA sequence and the mRNA sequence by using the sequence given.

Cell Signaling to Transcription and Translation

Frederick Griffith. Oswald Avery, Maclyn McCarty, and Colin MacLeod.

DNA Structure. The Flow of Genetic Information from DNA to RNA to Protein –DNA functions as the inherited directions for a cell or organism. Copyright.

The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology DNA  RNA  Protein  Trait.

RNA and Protein Synthesis Chapter How are proteins made? In molecular terms, genes are coded DNA instructions that control the production of.

Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Overview: The Flow of Genetic Information The information content of DNA is in.

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Protein Synthesis.

12-3 RNA and Protein Synthesis Page 300. A. Introduction 1. Chromosomes are a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of.

SC.912.L.16.3 DNA Replication. – During DNA replication, a double-stranded DNA molecule divides into two single strands. New nucleotides bond to each.

1. DNA, RNA structure 2. DNA replication 3. Transcription, translation.

DNA to RNA to a Protein.

Part 5 Translation.

Blood goups and transfusions

Wild-type hemoglobin DNA Mutant hemoglobin DNA LE Wild-type hemoglobin DNA Mutant hemoglobin DNA 3¢ 5¢ 3¢ 5¢ mRNA mRNA 5¢ 3¢ 5¢ 3¢ Normal hemoglobin.

Protein Synthesis: Transcription and Translation

Protein Synthesis.

Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Protein Synthesis.

Forensic DNA Analysis Protein Synthesis.

Transfer of RNA molecules serve as interpreters during translation

Contains Carbon Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic Acids Proteins.

Nucleic Acids Section 3.5.

DNA in the Cell The Central Dogma DNA  RNA  Protein

RNA and Protein Synthesis

Old News TRANSCRIPTION: process that makes an _______ ___________ of DNA. RNA is ________________, and ___ is replaced by ___ (A-U; G-C) RNA___________________.

DNA Test Review.

Welcome to Who Wants to be a Millionaire

Transcription -The main purpose of transcription is to create RNA from DNA because RNA leaves the nucleus to carry out its functions but DNA does not -A.

Translation (Protein Synthesis) RNA  protein.

Protein Synthesis Lecture 5

DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis

DNA and the Genome Key Area 3a Gene Expression RNA.

RNA DNA Synthesis Mutations Protein Synthesis

Translation Decoding the message.

Protein Synthesis.

(1) It would stimulate mitotic cell division.

Unit 4 - The Natural Environment and Species Survival

Protein synthesis is the process by which cells. by

Protein Synthesis: An Overview

TRANSLATION and MUTATIONS

The Production of Proteins by DNA

Presentation transcript:

ABO Blood Type: An Example of Genetic Variation Humans have two copies of an enzyme that makes carbohydrates that stick off of the red blood cell plasma membrane. In some humans this enzyme has a structure that causes it to make A type carbohydrates.

ABO Blood Type: An Example of Genetic Variation In others this enzyme has a structure that causes it to make B type carbohydrates. In others they may have copies of both enzyme structures. In still others this enzyme has a structure that makes in nonfunctional so no carbohydrate is made.

How can one enzyme have so many different possible structures? Let’s look at how these protein enzymes are made: from DNA to mRNA to Protein…

The Flow of Genetic Information from DNA to RNA to Protein DNA functions as the inherited directions for a cell or organism. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

From Nucleotides to Amino Acids: An Overview Genetic information in DNA is transcribed into RNA and then translated into polypeptides (proteins).

The Genetic Code

How does a change in the DNA code affect the structure of a protein?

ABO Blood Type: An Example of Genetic Variation So the ABO gene has different DNA sequences that code for the different protein enzyme structures that makes one of these different types of carbohydrates. Genetic Variation!!!

The immune system produces antibodies! These may cause clotting when blood cells of a different type enter the body.