TWIN EARTHQUAKES HIT WESTERN CHINA ON JULY 22, 2013 94 Deaths Despite Being Moderate-Magnitude Events Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA  lecture by Walter Hays Uploading date: July 23, 2013   More lectures at Disasters Supercourse - http://www.pitt.edu/~super1/collections/collection52.htm PPT original - http://www.pitt.edu/~super7/50011-51001/50481.ppt

RECENT DEADLY EARTHQUAKES IN WESTERN CHINA SICHUAN PROVINCE-APRIL 2010: at least 196 people dead. QINGHA PROVINCE- 2010: A M6.9 earth-quake killed 2,700 people SICHUAN PROVINCE- A M7.9 earthquake in May 2008: 88,000 dead and 56 million buildings damaged

LOCATION OF JULY 22 QUAKES

A Shallow Depth of Focus Exacerbated the Damage MAGNITUDES: 5.9 and 5.6 A Shallow Depth of Focus Exacerbated the Damage

The first temblor struck at 7:45 am; Together they killed 94, injured 1,000, and caused collapse or severe damage to 127,000 homes.

Chinese President Xi Jinping called for an “all-out” rescue effort and to make saving lives the top priority

Officials dispatched thousands of police, firefighters, soldiers and government officials to search for survivors in an effort to keep loss of life as low as possible.

TYPICAL DAMAGE

EMERGENCY RESPONSE

Rescue efforts were hampered by landslides and roads which had already been closed as the result of heavy rain

TEMPORARY MEDICAL FACILITY FOR TREATING INJURIES

EMERGENCY MEDICAL

THE CHALLENGE FACING CHINA’S LEADERS: Implement a Modern Building Code and Reassure the People of Their Safety

WAYS TO ACCELERATE PROGRESS TOWARDS EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE EXPERIENCES WITH PREPAREDNESS EXPERIENCES WITH MONITORING AND WARNING INTEGRATE GLOBAL EXPERIENCES WITH THOSE OF SISHUAN EARTHQUAKE EXPERIENCES WITH DISASTER SCENARIO PLANNING EXPERIENCES WITH RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION EXPERIENCES WITH PREVENTION, MITIGATION, AND ADAPTATION

RECONSTRUCTION AND REASSURANCE HAZARD MAPS INVENTORY VULNERABILITY LOCATION MAY 12, 2008 EARTHQUAKE ACCEPTABLE RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK RISK “STAPLE” DECISIONS DATA BASES AND INFORMATION SISHUAN PROVINCE MITIGATION ADAPTATION MONITORING RECONSTRUCTION AND REASSURANCE HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS

THE CHALLENGE: ACHIEVING DISASTER RESILIENCE AND REASSURANCE OF THE PEOPLE DURING RECONSTRUCTION POLICY CHANGE: CREATE, ADJUST, AND REALIGN PROGRAMS, PARTNERS AND PEOPLE UNTIL YOU CAN EFFECT THE KIND OF TURNING POINTS FOR EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE NEEDED BY EACH STRICKEN LOCAL COMMUNITY AND PROVINCE

CREATING TURNING POINTS FOR EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE IN CHINA AND OTHER COUNTRIES INTEGRATION OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS FOR PREPAREDNESS AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE FOSTERING THE CREATION OF TURNING POINTS FOR EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE ON A GLOBAL SCALE

LONGMENSHAN FAULT: SHAKE MAP

LACK OF MODERN BUILDING CODE: 56 MILLION BUILDINGS DAMAGED

COLLAPSED MIDDLE SCHOOL: JUYUAN

LANDSLIDE: BEICHUAN

ONE OF 69 "QUAKE LAKES": LANDSLIDE DEBRIS IN BEI HE RIVER

SOLDIERS REPAIR CRACKS IN ZIPINGPU DAM:DUJIANGYAN

THE SISHUAN/WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE OPPORTUNITIES FOR TURNING POINTS: For Mitigation, Adaptation and Monitoring (MAM) on local, regional, national, and global scales THE KNOWLEDGE BASE APPLICATIONS CONTINUING EDUCATION Best Practices for Mitigation Adaptation and Monitoring Gateways to a Deeper Understanding Real and Near- Real Time Monitoring Hazard, Vulnerability and Risk Characterization Anticipatory Actions for all Events and Situations Situation Data Bases Interfaces with all Real- and Near Real-Time Sources Cause & Effect Relationships Implement Modern Codes and Lifeline Standards Relocation/Rerouting of Cities and City Lifelines Create a Seismic Zonation Construct (A Policy Tool) Introduce New Technologies Move Towards A Disaster Intelligent Community Involve Partners in Turning Point Experiences Enlighten Communities on Their Risks Build Strategic Equity Through “MAM” Scenarios Multiply Capability by International Twinning Update Knowledge Bases After Each MAM Scenario

FACTORS THAT FACILITATE GLOBAL TURNING POINTS GLOBAL ATTENTION ( G-8, MEDIA, UN, IDRC). SALIENCE FOR CHINA’S SISHUAN PROVINCE, OTHER PROVINCES, AND OTHER COUNTRIES COLLABORATION OF SCIENTIFIC EXPERTS AND POLITICAL LEADERS ON MANY LEVELS. ENACTMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A MODERN BUILDING CODE AND LIFELINE STANDARDS