Instructional Design : Design Phase Unit 3 Writing Objectives Instructional Design : Design Phase Unit 3

Dick & Carey Design Model Writing Performance Objectives Developing Criterion Reference Tests Developing Instructional Strategy

Real through and answer the following question Go to the website : http://www.entcanada.org/Word_Files/CreatingLearningObjectives.pdf Real through and answer the following question Define the term learning objective? Identify the main components of a LO?

Background - Performance Objectives Robert Mager’s behavioral objectives began in the 60’s precise, clear statements of what students should be able to do at the end of instruction Problems with behavioral objectives formulated in isolation seldom used

Terminology

Synonyms for Performance Objectives Behavioral Objectives Instructional Objectives Learning Objectives Outcomes Enabling Objectives Terminal Objectives Educational Objectives Curriculum Objectives Operational Objectives Intents Aims Competencies

Components of Performance Objective 1. Skill or behavior what the learner will be able to do Example: “Add two, three-digit, positive numbers”

Components of Performance Objective 2. Conditions tools the learner will use Example: “Using a calculator”

Components of Performance Objective 3. Criteria used to evaluate the learner Example: “In four out of five number problems”

The learner will be able to add two, three-digit, positive numbers (Behavior) using a calculator (Conditions) In four out of five number problems (Criteria). The student will correctly name the five stages of mitosis within 30 seconds .

Source of the Skills or Behaviors Derived from the sub-skills under the instructional analysis steps The test: Ask, “Can I observe the learner doing this?”(skill) If precise, the sub skills don’t need to be modified Some Intellectual Skills Verbs are: discriminate identify classify demonstrate generate

Types of Behaviors 1. Intellectual & verbal skills describe the skill & the intent 2. Psychomotor skills specified by verbs like: jogging, painting, brushing, etc. 3. Attitudinal skills choosing between options

The “A, B, C and Ds” of Behavioral Objectives Audience Who is your target group? Behavior An observable action Condition Tools or skills they will need Degree Level of acceptable performance

Conditions 1. Give the cue needed for the learner to search LTM (linear topic map) for the answer write, name, select, list 2. Includes resource materials / tools

Conditions (cont’d) 3. Control the complexity of the task to match the audience level Two examples: Given three sockets, pick the hex socket (audience: beginning mechanics) Given a 1500-piece toolbox, select the metric 3/8 drive thin-wall, 8 mm. impact socket (audience: master mechanics)

Criteria (Degree) includes What behavior is acceptable or The limits of acceptable behavior limits include: single answer a range checklist (psychomotor) tally or anecdotal record (attitudinal)

Steps in Writing Objectives Summary 1.Edit goal to reflect performance 2.Write terminal objective to reflect context of learning environment the instructional area, the workplace, and the audience 3. Write objectives for each step in the goal analysis that have no sub steps 4. Write objectives that reflect the sub steps or write objectives for the subs steps 5.Write objectives for all subordinate skills 6. Write objectives for entry behaviors if needed

Summary Background of behavior objectives Synonyms for Performance Objectives Components of Performance Objective A,B,C,D Steps in Writing Objectives