What follows Pax Americana Global Security What follows Pax Americana
“Pax Americana. That was the Old Order, forged through the momentous events of World War I, the Great Depression and World War II. Now that Old Order of nearly seven decades' duration is fading from the scene. Christopher Layne is the Robert M. Gates Chair in Intelligence and National Security at the George Bush School of Government and Public Service at Texas A&M University. He is the author of the forthcoming book After the Fall: International Politics, U.S. Grand Strategy, and the End of the Pax Americana. The End of Pax Americana: How Western Decline Became Inevitable The Euro-Atlantic world had a long run of global dominance, but it is coming to an end. “… It is natural that U.S. leaders would want to deny it--or feel they must finesse it when talking to the American people. But the real questions for America and its leaders are: What will replace the Old Order? How can Washington protect its interests in the new global era? And how much international disruption will attend the transition from the old to the new?” CHRISTOPHER LAYNE APR 26, 2012 A New Grand Strategy For more than fifty years American foreign policy has sought to prevent the emergence of other great powers—a strategy that has proved burdensome, futile, and increasingly risky. The United States will be more secure, and the world more stable, if America now chooses to pass the buck and allow other countries to take care of themselves. BENJAMIN SCHWARZ AND CHRISTOPHER LAYNE JANUARY 2002 ISSUE Christopher Layne, Gates Professor of Intelligence and National Security, Texas A&M, in The Atlantic, The End of Pax Americana: How Western Decline Became Inevitable, April 12, 2012
Global Trends: Paradox of Progress National Intelligence Council - January 2017 Peering into the future can be scary and surely is humbling. Events unfold in complex ways for which our brains are not naturally wired. Economic, political, social, technological, and cultural forces collide in dizzying ways, so we can be led to confuse recent, dramatic events with the more important ones. It is tempting, and usually fair, to assume people act “rationally,” but leaders, groups, mobs, and masses can behave very differently— and unexpectedly—under similar circumstances. https://www.dni.gov/files/documents/nic/GT-Full-Report.pdf
China on the rise The diffusion of power among countries will have a dramatic impact by 2030. Asia will have surpassed North America and Europe combined in terms of global power, based upon GDP, population size, military spending, and technological investment. China alone will probably have the largest economy, surpassing that of the United States a few years before 2030. https://www.dni.gov/files/documents/GlobalTrends_2030.pdf
Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands Jeju Island Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands
(Click on the picture to start this 7 minute video) Why China is building islands in the South China Sea (Click on the picture to start this 7 minute video) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=luTPMHC7zHY
— https://thebulletin.org/timeline IT IS 2 MINUTES TO MIDNIGHT - BAS Doomsday Clock 2018: The failure of world leaders to address the largest threats to humanity’s future is lamentable—but that failure can be reversed. It is two minutes to midnight, but the Doomsday Clock has ticked away from midnight in the past, and during the next year, the world can again move it further from apocalypse. The warning the Science and Security Board now sends is clear, the danger obvious and imminent. The opportunity to reduce the danger is equally clear. The world has seen the threat posed by the misuse of information technology and witnessed the vulnerability of democracies to disinformation. But there is a flip side to the abuse of social media. Leaders react when citizens insist they do so, and citizens around the world can use the power of the internet to improve the long-term prospects of their children and grandchildren. They can insist on facts, and discount nonsense. They can demand action to reduce the existential threat of nuclear war and unchecked climate change. They can seize the opportunity to make a safer and saner world. — https://thebulletin.org/timeline
Half hour video on history and future of Pax Americana Foreign Policy Association - December 2017 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KqtIoZxwfXs