Shape defines function!!!! DO NOW: There are millions of apartments in New York City, each having their own front door. When the mayor gives the “Key to the City” to a hero, does it mean that the hero can open every door in the city? Why, explain your answer. Shape defines function!!!!

Day 7 AIM: The Chemistry of Life- Proteins & Nucleic Acids

O C H N 1) What are proteins? 1) A protein is a huge (macro) organic molecule that is made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. O C H N

2) Where can we find Proteins? 2) Proteins can be found in feathers, fingernails, hair and muscle.

3) What are proteins made of? 3) Proteins are huge 3 dimensional molecules composed of amino acids.

4) What are amino acids? 4) Amino acids are the subunits of proteins. There are 20 common amino acids. These amino acids link together by a special bond called a peptide bond. These amino acids combine with each other in many different combinations. Some proteins are 27,000 amino acids long. The order of the amino acids determines what type of protein the molecule is.

6 coins, 4 different combinations, $1.91 $2.53 $1.46 $ .47 6 coins, 4 different combinations, 4 different amounts

5) Why are proteins important? 5) Proteins provide three major functions Structure- Proteins could be strong fibers that give support. b) Enzymes- Special molecules that speed up chemical reactions. c) Communicate signals within cells and between cells. Hormones & Neurotransmitters

6) How does a protein get its shape? 6) Proteins get there shape three ways.

a: Its primary structure is based on the order in which the amino acids link together.

b: Some parts of the protein is pleated like a ribbon while other parts are coiled like a cork screw. This combination of ribbons and coils are its secondary structure.

*****All of these structures can affected by temperature and pH. c: Because the molecule is so long, the molecule can fold in many places. This folding allows parts of the molecule to interact or become slightly attracted to each other. This is known as its tertiary structure. *****All of these structures can affected by temperature and pH.

AIM: The Chemistry of Life- Nucleic Acids

What is a Nucleic Acid? Nucleic Acids is a humongous molecule that is made of nucleic base (also known as nucleotides). There are 5 types of nucleotides Adenine Guanine Cytosine Thymine Uracil

Why are Nucleic Acids important? Nucleic Acids store information to make other molecules. This information is past down from a parent or parents to an individual. These “packets of information” are stored in genes.

Where do we find Nucleic Acids? The most common forms of nucleic acids are: DNA RNA

Atoms & Molecules Inorganic Amino Acids Large Carbohydrate Lipids Carbon and Hydrogen Nucleic Acids Nucleic Bases DNA & RNA Oil, Wax, & Fats Enzymes & Hormones Organic Proteins Fatty Acids Small Glucose Water, Carbon Dioxide, Oxygen Huge Humungous Sugar & Starches

Water, Carbon dioxide, Oxygen Sugar & Starches DNA & RNA Used For Enzymes & Hormones Oils, Fats, Wax Huge Humungous Size Small Large Nucleic Bases Fatty Acids Amino Acids Sub Unit Glucose Types of Molecules Nucleic Acids Proteins Carbohydrate Lipids C and H Types of Chemistry Atoms & Molecules Inorganic Organic Water, Carbon dioxide, Oxygen Chemistry