Bird Beak Investigation Phenomenon: Watch the video on Galapogos finches and write down something you are wondering about Question: How does the type of beak affect the amount of food that can be gathered by the birds? Make a claim…………………. ALL BIRDS GATHER FOOD AT ONCE. NOT ONE AT A TIME! IT WON’T WORK ONE AT A TIME.

LAB EXPECTATIONS NO MESSING AROUND PLEASE. Groups or individuals who are just playing around or making a mock of the lab will not participate any longer. Anyone being careless and making messes same thing and will lose part of your 20 participation points you have now. Failure to clean up properly and put everything back same thing as above. You need to get me to check off clean-up when you finish before you sit down. Be sure everything is put back.

toad Adaptations

What is an Adaptation? Any trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce Organisms are born with these traits You can’t move to Antartica and grow fur just because you are cold…it’s not in your genes

There are many types of adaptations Parts of body Organ Structures Camouflage Mimicry Chemical defenses Behaviors/responses

Body coverings or parts Spines Teeth/Fangs EXAMPLES CLAWS Feet Beak Spines Horns Trunks Quills Armor plates

Organ Structures Hollow bird bones make flying and gliding easier Fish fins help them swim and move through water Hollow fur hairs help insulate a polar bear against the cold Dense roots help trees grow in soil

Inherited trait that helps an organism look like its surroundings Camouflage: Inherited trait that helps an organism look like its surroundings EXAMPLES Rabbit Gecko Tiger stripes Chameleon Sand fish © A. Weinberg

Mimicry Looking, moving, or sounding like another living organism to hide from prey or predator. Model: bad tasting, poisonous one Mimic: good tasting, non-poisonous, but looks like the model Examples? The Viceroy butterfly uses mimicry to look like the Monarch butterfly. Can you tell them apart? I’m the Viceroy! Not poisonous I’m the Monarch! Poisonous

Orchids that look like bees Mimicry Orchids that look like bees Moth with eye spots Leaf moth

Can you think of other examples? Chemical Defenses Can you think of other examples? Spray Venom Ink Venom Plant Poisons Poisons

Behaviors/ Responses Sunflowers moving toward SUN Hunting Raising YOUNG Migrating Gathering & storing food Finding/ Building shelter Defending oneself Hibernating

Analysis Questions: What would happen if an organism moved to a different environment? Could a polar bear survive in the desert? Explain. Would a sunflower’s adaptation be as helpful in an area that does not get as much sun? Explain. Would the viceroy’s mimicry adaptation help it if it moved to an environment with no monarchs? Explain.

4. Could a flying squirrel survive as well on the ground 4. Could a flying squirrel survive as well on the ground? Why or why not? 5. Would a leaf bug survive very well in an area with few plants? Explain. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/01/1/quicktime/l_011_03.html

Organism # in the Rainforest # in the Desert Fern many none Snake some Mouse Monkey Insects Study the chart to answer the questions: 6. Which organism would most likely be able to survive in a grassland too? Explain. 7. Give 2 possible reasons there are many ferns in the rainforest but none in the desert. 8. What do mice do to be able to live in the hot climate of the desert that monkeys don’t do?