RESPONSE TO PROCLAMATION GROUP RESPONSE TO PROCLAMATION Abolitionists 1. 2. 3. Northern Democrats Union Soldiers White Southerners Slaves

Copy the following chart on Portfolio p124 Reasons Results (4 results) 1) 2) 3) Emancipation Proclamation

Lesson 17.1a: The Emancipation Proclamation

What impact did the Emancipation have on he Civil War? Essential Question What impact did the Emancipation have on he Civil War?

Vocabulary emancipation: to free from slavery or other control proclamation: the act of announcing to the public, or something that is said for the public to hear. recognize: to admit, understand, or accept as true.

What we already know… Lincoln believed slavery was morally wrong.

What we already know… In a battle fought near Antietam Creek in Maryland, Union forces had finally won a slim victory against Confederate general Robert E. Lee.

What we already know… Britain was considering giving aid to the Confederacy, even though Britain was opposed to slavery.

Calls For Emancipation Leading abolitionists such as Wiliam Llyod Garrison, criticized President Lincoln because he had not ended slavery. Some went as far to say his lack of action helped the Confederacy, Mayflower Compact = self rule

Calls For Emancipation Lincoln did not emancipate slaves when the war began because his first priority was to preserve the Union. In addition, he wasn’t certain that he had the power to free them. Mayflower Compact = self rule

Calls For Emancipation Lincoln was also afraid to anger pro-Union groups in the South and in the border states. Mayflower Compact = self rule

Calls For Emancipation Mayflower Compact = self rule He knew many white Northerners also opposed emancipation.

Calls For Emancipation Lincoln wanted to bring the Union back together, not have the issue of slavery divide the nation even further. Mayflower Compact = self rule

Calls For Emancipation Eventually, Lincoln finally settled on three reasons for issuing a proclamation of emancipation. Mayflower Compact = self rule

Calls For Emancipation First, abolitionists like Frederick Douglass convinced Lincoln that making abolition a goal of the war would cause tens of thousands of free blacks to enlist in the Union army. Mayflower Compact = self rule

Calls For Emancipation Secondly, Lincoln knew that if emancipation became a goal, it would change the war from a disagreement over the nature of the Union to a war over slavery. Mayflower Compact = self rule

Calls For Emancipation Finally, he knew would make it more difficult for anti-slavery Britain to support the Confederacy. Mayflower Compact = self rule

Calls For Emancipation Lincoln knew the Southern economy depended up slave labor. Without it, the South would grow weak and be easier to defeat. Mayflower Compact = self rule

Calls For Emancipation By the summer of 1862, the president had decided in favor of emancipating enslaved African Americans. Mayflower Compact = self rule

Calls For Emancipation Lincoln did not want the Emancipation Proclamation to appear as a desperate measure by a county who could not win the war. Lincoln needed for the Union to have a major victory. Mayflower Compact = self rule

Calls For Emancipation McClellan’s victory over Lee at Antietam gave Lincoln the opportunity to act. Mayflower Compact = self rule

The Emancipation Proclamation In signing the Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln argued that ending slavery would weaken the Confederacy. As Commander-in-Chief, he was allowed to take such action.

The Emancipation Proclamation As of January 1, 1863, Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation would free all the slaves in Confederate states still in rebellion against the United States.

The Emancipation Proclamation Since the proclamation only applied to slaves in the Confederacy, where Lincoln couldn’t enforce it, few slaves were affected. Mayflower Compact = self rule

The Emancipation Proclamation Lincoln did not have the power to end slavery in the North, but he did ask Congress to gradually abolish slavery everywhere. Mayflower Compact = self rule

The Emancipation Proclamation But the Emancipation Proclamation was an important symbolic measure; the Civil War was now a war of liberation. Mayflower Compact = self rule

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Which was NOT one of the reasons Lincoln initially opposed emancipation? A. He did not believe he had the power under the Constitution to abolish slavery where it already existed. B. He did not want to anger the four slave states that remained in the Union. C. He knew that most Northern Democrats, and many Republicans, opposed emancipation. D. He was concerned about the effects of emancipation on the national economy.

Why did Lincoln finally decide in favor of emancipation? A . He used it as a political tactic to split the Northern Democratic Party. B. He knew that without slave labor, the South would grow weak and be easier to defeat. C. He knew that emancipation would irritate and annoy Southerners. D. Grant's victory at New Orleans had stirred the nation and made the people more supportive of emancipation.

What battlefield victory gave Lincoln the opportunity to issue the Emancipation Proclamation? A . Antietam B. New Orleans C. Shiloh D. The Second Battle of Bull Run

Response to the Proclamation Abolitionists: In the North, abolitionists like William Lloyd Garrison rejoiced, although many believed that Lincoln should free all slaves, including those in the border states.

Response to the Proclamation Northern Democrats: Many Northern Democrats worried that the proclamation would only prolong the war by further angering the South.

Response to the Proclamation Union Soldiers: Most Union soldiers welcomed emancipation because it would help to weaken the South.

Response to the Proclamation Southern Whites: Southern whites were outraged at the thought that Lincoln was threatening their way of life. Mayflower Compact = self rule

Response to the Proclamation Southern Slaves: With so many Southern men away fighting far from the plantations, news of the proclamation caused slaves to become defiant and disobedient. Mayflower Compact = self rule

Response to the Proclamation Whenever the Northern armies drew near, many slaves ran away to Union lines, depriving the Confederacy of labor. Mayflower Compact = self rule

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Why were few slaves freed by the Emancipation Proclamation? A. It only freed slaves in United States territories. B. It only freed slaves in states still in rebellion against the United States. C. It only freed slaves in slave states that remained loyal to the Union. D. It only freed slaves in the Border States.

How did Southerners react to the Emancipation Proclamation? A. Most ignored it as something that could never be done. B. Most were outraged because it threatened their way of life. C. Most were unaware of it, since Southern newspapers didn’t write about it. D. Most trivialized it by making jokes about it.

How would the Emancipation Proclamation hurt the Confederate war effort. A. Free slaves would not fight for the Confederate Army. B. Without a slave labor force soldiers would have to return home to work in the fields. C. Without a slave labor force the South could not raise enough cotton to sell and help pay for the war. D. With most of the labor force at war, the slaves were working the Confederate factories.

A and B Discuss Do you think making the war about slavery rather than about to stay in the Union made the Confederates fight harder, or didn’t it matter. Be prepared with reasons for your answers.

African American Soldiers Before the Emancipation Proclamation, the government had discouraged freed slaves from enlisting. Mayflower Compact = self rule

African American Soldiers Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation invited African Americans to join the Union army. Frederick Douglas praised the decision, believing that military service by African-Americans would guarantee their rights to citizenship. Mayflower Compact = self rule

African American Soldiers After emancipation, African Americans rushed to join the army. Mayflower Compact = self rule

African American Soldiers During the course of the war, over 180,000 African-American soldiers had fought for the Union army. Mayflower Compact = self rule

African American Soldiers African-American soldiers fought in all-African-American units led by white officers. Mayflower Compact = self rule

African American Soldiers African Americans often were assigned the worst jobs and paid less than white soldiers. Mayflower Compact = self rule

African American Soldiers But on the battlefield, their courage and dedication was second to none. Mayflower Compact = self rule

The 54th Massachusetts The 54th Massachusetts was the most famous African-American regiment of the war Mayflower Compact = self rule

The 54th Massachusetts The regiment’s bravery at Fort Wagner, South Carolina in July 1863 made it popular in the North, and increased African American enlistment. Mayflower Compact = self rule

The 54th Massachusetts Sergeant W.H. Carney was awarded the Medal of Honor for his bravery in recovering the Union colors at Fort Wagner. Mayflower Compact = self rule

African American Soldiers If captured African Americans faced greater danger than whites. Mayflower Compact = self rule

African American Soldiers Southerners rarely took African Americans as prisoners. They were often executed or returned to slavery. Mayflower Compact = self rule

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How did the 54th Massachusetts Regiment become famous? A. As the first African American military unit to see combat B. For the heroism it showed in the battle of Ft. Wagner.. C. As the first American military unit to be commanded by African American officers. D. For being the largest African American regiment of the war.

What made it worse for African American soldiers than white soldiers? A . They were often given the worst jobs. B. They were paid less than white soldiers. C. They were never allowed to rise above the rank of private. D. If captured, most were either executed, or sent back into slavery.

What battlefield victory gave Lincoln the opportunity to issue the Emancipation Proclamation? A . Antietam B. New Orleans C. Shiloh D. The Second Battle of Bull Run

A and B Discuss Why do you think was the reason African American regiments were lead by white soldiers? Be prepared to share your answer.

Study Questions 17.1A (1-6) Copy the following SQ’s on Portfolio p51 Why did Lincoln hesitate to free the slaves when the war began, but then decide in favor of emancipation? 2. What battlefield victory gave Lincoln the opportunity to issue the Emancipation Proclamation? 3. Why were few slaves freed by the Emancipation Proclamation? 4. How did the Emancipation Proclamation change the course of the war? 5. How did the 54th Massachusetts become famous? 6. Why did African-American soldiers often face greater hardships than white soldiers, and great danger if captured?