Seven Years’ War French & Indian War The Great War for Empire
Warm Up What does this passage mean to you? ‘In a sense, the history of the United States began with the fall of Quebec and Montreal: the infant republic was cradled on the Plains of Abraham’
NA before King William’s & Queen Anne’s Wars
France vs Great Britain King William’s War,1689 – 1713 France vs GB part of a bigger conflict b/w France, GB & Spain for trading rights British victory -1713 control of northern Canada, Nova Scotia (Acadia) & Newfoundland 40 years later will cause the migration of Acadians ‘cajuns’ to French held Louisiana Est. a 50 year period of salutary neglect by GB of its American colonies GB will not need to enforce Navigation Acts
NA after the Treaty of Utrecht
What do these images have to do with the French & Indian War?
War of Jenkin’s Ear -King George’s War (1744-48) Small part of the conflict in Europe known as the War of Austrian Succession Spain attacked British merchant ship & tried to reneg on slave trade agreement w/Britain
French & Indian War, 1754 - 1763 Began in NA, but spread to Europe, Africa & the Philippines (Seven Years’ War) British colonists wanted to expand into the Ohio Valley, but France needed to control this area to link Canada to the Mississippi Valley 1754 Albany Congress set up a plan of union to help defend the colonies against Indian/French attacks
Causes of F&I War Iroquois end trade w/France & give trade concession to the British (1748-) French build forts in the Ohio Valley VA Gov. Dinwiddie sends militia (led by G. Washington) to challenge French presence French attack Fort Necessity, Washington surrenders GB declares war Early battles at Ft. Duquesne (F&I win) Quebec City (GB win)* ultimately leads to British victory in the Americas
Indian territories, 1754 Iroquois Confederacy –Mohawk, Oneida, Seneca, Cayuga (GB allies) Huron, Algonquin (French Allies )
Effects of the F&I War Treaty of Paris (1763) France gave control of lands east of the Mississippi & Canada to GB Iroquois & other interior tribes lost the ability to play rival European nations off each other Pontiac’s War –Ottawa chief led tribes against British settlers in Detroit, killing more than 2,000 British retaliated with inflicting smallpox on Indians GB establishes the Proclamation Line settlement west banned in order to work out potential conflicts w/ Indians west of the Appalachians
The War for Empire