World War II: POWs and The Holocaust

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Presentation transcript:

World War II: POWs and The Holocaust

Anti-Semitism Hitler begins efforts to drive Jews out of Germany Hate of Jews **blamed for losing WWI (Germany) **economic struggle (Europe)

Jews in Nazi Germany Wore a Star of David No citizenship Limit civil rights

The Kristallnact (Night of Broken Glass) November 9, 1938 Riots aimed at German Jewish Jews murdered 30,000 taken to concentration camps 267 synagogues burned down 7,000 Jewish stores attacked

Flight of the Jews Try to escape but… **many countries block entry **put up quotas

The Final Solution (1939-1945) Genocide of Jews the systematic and purposeful destruction of a racial, political, religious, or cultural group **labor camps **extermination camps

Affected Groups Non-Germans: Jews, Slavs, Poles Communists Undesirables: homosexuals handicapped political dissidents Group # killed Jews 6 million Soviet POWS 2-3 million Poles 1-2 million Romani 225k – 1million Disabled 250,000 Free Masons 80,000 Homosexuals 5 to 15,000 Jehovah’s 5,000

Concentration Camps Hunger Stripped of goods Medical experiments

Extermination Policy (1942) Death camps Executions (hanging, firing squad, gas chamber) 10 million killed

The Nuremberg War Trials (1945-1949) Nazi leaders **held liable for actions during war **300+ sentenced and put to death for war crimes

The Birth of Israel (May 14, 1945) Jews given homeland Product of the League of Nations Mandate System **Allied guilt over Holocaust **taken from Arab region: Palestine

The Bataan Death March The Philippines (April 1942) Japanese War Crime **forced march of USA POWs (Prisoners of War) **POWs – beaten, summarily executed, given little to no food or water

Trials of Japanese (post WW2) Many Japanese jailed or given death penalty for crimes committed against POWs / population of conquered territories

GENEVA CONVENTION Military who are captured or who surrender shall not be killed They will be treated humanely. Attempted to ensure the humane treatment of POWs by making rules for all nations to follow.