Introduction to Medical Terminology

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Presentation transcript:

Introduction to Medical Terminology Chapter 1 Introduction to Medical Terminology

Word Parts Are the Key! Four basic types of word parts are used to create complex medical terms: Word roots Combining forms Suffixes Prefixes

Word Roots Word roots usually, but not always, indicate the part of the body involved.

Word Roots Examples: cardi = heart gastr = stomach neur = nerve Note: Word roots do not mean pertaining to or relating to; that meaning comes from the suffix.

Combining Forms Created by adding a vowel (usually the letter “o”) to the end of a word root. Used when connecting word roots or when the word root is joined to a suffix that begins with a consonant.

Combining Forms Examples: cardi/o = heart gastr/o = stomach neur/o = nerve

Suffixes Suffixes usually, but not always, indicate the procedure, condition, disorder, or disease. Examples: cardiomegaly gastralgia neuritis

Prefixes Prefixes usually, but not always, indicate location, time, number, or status. Examples: pericardium epigastric polyneuritis

Determining Meanings on the Basis of Word Parts Decipher these medical terms based on their word parts: cardiologist gastritis neuralgia

Additional Lessons in this Chapter Using a medical dictionary The sounds-like pronunciation system Why spelling counts Caution when using abbreviations

Additional Lessons in this Chapter Singular and plural endings Basic medical terms Look-alike, sound-alike terms and word parts