Civil Rights CP Government Chapter 21

The Melting Pot America is made up of immigrants Diversity – Differences among people, cultures, and beliefs that make up one community Many Cultures – Little Italy, China Town etc…

Diversity and the Government Laws – All laws discriminate (ex: Curfew discriminates minors) Morality –Laws are based on morality (right/wrong) America’s dominant culture = White Male Perspective

Diversity Timeline Native Americans—1st reservations assimilation African-Americans Largest minority in the U.S. Most vocal / most organized Discriminated against the most

Diversity Timeline Women – 19th amendment finally gave the women the right to vote; 1970’s Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) was defeated Asians – Limited immigration (1800’s); Asian-Americans put in concentration camps (WWII)

Diversity Timeline Hispanics ---Fastest growing minority in U.S. Recent immigration laws directed towards them

Laws and Race Laws MUST be constitutional A law can NEVER violate your “fundamental” rights A law must be neutral based on gender, race, religion, nationality

Strict Scrutiny Test Laws have to be reasonable and rational – example: School speed zone limits

Segregation Dividing by race, religion, etc… Once a part of America Illegal today a) De Jure – Segregation by law--Illegal b) De Facto – Segregation by practice--Reality

Civil Rights Civil Rights Acts – Legislation passed by congress protecting the rights of citizens/minorities Cannot use religion, race, or gender as a qualification

Cannot use Race, Religion, Gender when… 1) Public Place Civil Rights Act 1964 Cannot use Race, Religion, Gender when… 1) Public Place 2) Federal Funds 3) Hiring Equal Opportunity Employment

Civil Rights Act 1968 Civil Rights Act of 1968 -- Cannot use religion, race, or gender as a qualification for selling or renting housing

Affirmative Action Federal government program designed to guarantee equal access to employment and education for minorities. Quota System, Set Asides Bakke v California

Naturalization Citizenship – The rights and liberties mainly apply to citizens Naturalization – Become a citizen

The Process Enter the U.S. legally Live in the U.S. for 5 years Live in one state for 3 months Must be at least 18 years old Must read, write, and speak English Pass the test

Naturalization Citizen by birth: a) Jus Soli – Born on U.S. soil b) Jus Sanguinis – Born to a U.S. citizen (Mom or Dad is U.S. citizen)

Losing it Expatriation -- A U.S. citizen who voluntarily gives up citizenship OR citizenship is taken away by the government because of treason De-naturalization – Citizenship is given up or taken from a naturalized citizen

Laws Immigration Act of 1990 – Immigration Restrictions Act of 1996 – Undocumented citizens –