Chapter 13 Family and Aging Key Terms

fertility rate The average number of children that women bear in their lifetime. aging populations A situation in which the percentage of the population 65 and older is increasing relative to other age groups.

ideal A standard against which real cases can be compared. life chances A critical set of potential social advantages.

reproductive work Work that involves not only bearing children but care giving, managing households and educating children. secure parental employment A situation in which at least one parent or guardian is employee full-time.

exogamy Norms requiring or encouraging people to marry someone from a different social category. endogamy Norms requiring or encouraging people to marry a member of the same social category.

low-technology tribal societies Hunting and gathering societies with technologies that do not permit the creation of surplus wealth. surplus wealth Wealth beyond what is needed to meet the basic needs.

fortified households Pre-industrial arrangements in which the households act as armed units, as there is no police force, militia, national guard, or other peacekeeping organization. caregiver burden The extent to which caregivers believe that their emotional balance, physical health, social life, and financial status suffer because of their caregiver role.