Do-Now 3/04 REVIEW!! Materials Homework: Do-Now Sheet on Desk Blue or Black Pen OR Pencil Homework: Study for Unit Exam on India! List the three bodies of water surround India: (1) ___________________________________ (2) ___________________________________ (3) ___________________________________ List the three countries that surround India: List the two rivers in India: Do the summer monsoon winds blow towards or away from India? ________________________________________ What island lies off the southern tip of India? Name the mountains located in north India: What geographical feature makes up most of India?

Mauryan and Gupta Empire

Mauryan Empire flourished from about 322 to 187 B.C.E.

Ashoka WHO? : emperor of the Mauryan Empire WHAT?: united India for the 1st time, ruled with non-violence, spread of Buddhism WHERE?: Ashoka expanded the empire to the south and east through a series of wars.

Ashoka Cont. WHEN?: Ruled the Mauryan Empire from 269 to 232 BCE WHY?: Conquered lots of land but gave up wars of conquest when he began to embrace Buddhism. Gave up hunting and became a vegetarian. Responsible for the spread of Buddhism in India.

Spread of Buddhism through Ashoka’s Edicts Ashoka wanted his people to follow the Buddhist path and respect their elders, tolerate people of different religions, and treat servants well. Ashoka wanted a strong, united empire guided by Buddhist values. To spread those values to his people, he had edicts carved into walls, rocks, and tall pillars in public places so the greatest number of people could see them.

Four Main Goals of Ashoka’s Edicts Promote Buddhist values. Be loving and respectful. Practice Non-violence Promote the General Welfare. Be sure people have good health, shelter, clean water, and enough food. Promote justice with fair laws, courts and humane jails. Promote security. Protect the empire against enemies.

Gupta Empire Achievements flourished from about 320 to 550 C.E.

Gupta Achievements Graphic Organizer Must complete organizer during presentation!! Take good notes! Will be on exam!

Universities Guptas built many colleges and universities Only males and teachers daughters could attend Studied religion, mathematics, astronomy, chemistry, Sanskrit, sculpture, painting, music, dancing, logic, grammar and medicine

Literature Gupta writers wrote poetry, fables, folktales, and plays. They wrote the Puranas, which describe many Hindu legends that had been passed down orally before this time. A famous Indian poem, the Mahabharata, reached its final form during this period. It describes Hindu values and the battle between good and evil.

Paintings Painting was an important part of the lives of nobles. Subjects included gods, religious stories, and rich or royal families and their wealth and luxury. The most famous Gupta paintings are in the Ajanta caves.

Sculpture Statues were made out of bronze, wood, stone, and terracotta. Buddha, Hindu gods, and famous people were subjects of sculptures. Sculptures stood on their own or were carved into the walls of caves and temples.

Metalwork Metalworkers were famous for their engraved gold and copper coins An iron pillar at Meharauli stands 25 feet tall and weighs about 13,000 pounds The iron is almost rust free.

Mathematics The decimal system was developed during the Gupta period. A famous astronomer, Aryabhata, determined the number of days in a year, calculated the size of Earth, said the planets were spheres, and suggested Earth spins on its axis.

Roads Roads were built of hard-packed dirt and a few feet off the ground to allow for drainage during the rainy season. Road helped internal trade and connected India to China and lands east of the Mediterranean Sea.

Movement: Remain in seat unless given permission to be out of seat. Practice Conversation Level: 1-2 Help: Check in with your partner first then raise hand and wait patiently Activity: Read the Edict, determine the goal and explain why it falls under that category. Movement: Remain in seat unless given permission to be out of seat. Participation: You are participating in class today if you are completing your handout at a level 1-2 without disrupting others!