Rules for Naming Organisms

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Presentation transcript:

Rules for Naming Organisms The International Code for Binomial Nomenclature contains the rules for naming organisms All names must be approved by International Naming Congresses (International Zoological Congress) This prevents duplicated names 11/15/2018 4:43 AM Coley - Classification

Classification Groups Taxon ( taxa-plural) is a category into which related organisms are placed There is a hierarchy of groups (taxa) from broadest to most specific Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, species 11/15/2018 4:43 AM Coley - Classification

Hierarchy-Taxonomic Groups Domain Kingdom Phylum (Division – used for plants) Class Order Family Genus Species BROADEST TAXON Genus and species are the two names used to identify specific organisms in the binomial system of classification. Division is used for plants. Most Specific 11/15/2018 4:43 AM Coley - Classification

Coley - Classification Dumb King Phillip Came Over For Gooseberry Soup! 11/15/2018 4:43 AM Coley - Classification

Coley - Classification 11/15/2018 4:43 AM Coley - Classification

Basis for Modern Taxonomy Homologous structures (same structure, different function) Similar embryo development Molecular Similarity in DNA, RNA, or amino acid sequence of Proteins 11/15/2018 4:43 AM Coley - Classification

Coley - Classification Homologous Structures (BONES in the FORELIMBS) shows Similarities in mammals. 11/15/2018 4:43 AM Coley - Classification

Similarities in Vertebrate Embryos 11/15/2018 4:43 AM Coley - Classification

Coley - Classification Cladogram Diagram showing how organisms are related based on shared, derived characteristics such as feathers, hair, or scales 11/15/2018 4:43 AM Coley - Classification

Coley - Classification Primate Cladogram 11/15/2018 4:43 AM Coley - Classification

Coley - Classification Dichotomous Keying Used to identify organisms Characteristics given in pairs Read both characteristics and either go to another set of characteristics OR identify the organism 11/15/2018 4:43 AM Coley - Classification

Example of Dichotomous Key 1a Tentacles present – Go to 2 1b Tentacles absent – Go to 3 2a Eight Tentacles – Octopus 2b More than 8 tentacles – 3 3a Tentacles hang down – go to 4 3b Tentacles upright–Sea Anemone 4a Balloon-shaped body–Jellyfish 4b Body NOT balloon-shaped - 5 11/15/2018 4:43 AM Coley - Classification